Optimization of laser welding quality at corners based on power tracking control

Considering energy accumulation caused by acceleration, deceleration, and overlapping spots in corner laser welding, a power tracking control strategy based on temporal-spatial dimensions that accounts for welding specific energy and energy density distribution was developed to control energy distribution and optimize welding quality at corners. Using MATLAB, the heat input of laser welding and the energy density distribution at the corner were analyzed, and the relation between laser power and welding speed was optimized. Using the galvo laser welding control system developed by the team, 3003 aluminum alloy was tested to optimize corner welding quality under different corner conditions. The experimental results show that the power tracking control strategy based on temporal-spatial dimensions can effectively improve welding surface morphology at the corner and ensure weld seam homogeneity, helping inhibit defects at the corner and improve overall weld seam quality without affecting penetration depth.