Microstructure and properties of titanium alloy/stainless steel joint by cold metal transfer joining technology

CHANG Jinghuan; CAO Rui; YAN Yingjie

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20210114001

TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION > 2021 > 42(6): 44-51. > DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20210114001

CHANG Jinghuan, CAO Rui, YAN Yingjie. Microstructure and properties of titanium alloy/stainless steel joint by cold metal transfer joining technology[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2021, 42(6): 44-51. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20210114001

Citation:

PDF (1350 KB)

Microstructure and properties of titanium alloy/stainless steel joint by cold metal transfer joining technology

CHANG Jinghuan^{1, 2,},
CAO Rui^{1, 2, ,},
YAN Yingjie^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
2.
Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China

More Information

Received Date: January 13, 2021
Available Online: August 16, 2021

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Cold metal transfer technology was used to weld TC4 titanium alloy and 304 stainless steel with copper-based filler metal, and the interface microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion properties of the titanium alloy/stainless steel joint were analyzed. The results showed that TC4 titanium alloy and 304 stainless steel are joined by cold metal transfer method. The titanium alloy/stainless steel joint is mainly composed of weld metal, stainless steel-copper weld metal interface and titanium alloy-copper weld metal interface. The tension-shear strength of the titanium alloy/stainless steel joint is 306 MPa. Due to the formation of Ti-Cu, Ti-Fe intermetallics at the titanium alloy-copper weld metal interface, the joint exhibits a brittle fracture along the titanium alloy-copper weld metal interface reaction layer. Galvanic corrosion is occurred in the titanium alloy/stainless steel joint immersed in the artificial seawater solution. The corrosion mechanisms are the reduction reaction of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reaction at the cathode, the oxidation of weld metal, the formation of TiO₂ oxide film on the surface of titanium alloy and pitting corrosion of the stainless steel base metal at the anode.
- dissimilar titanium alloy/stainless steel joint,
- microstructure,
- mechanical properties,
- corrosion mechanism

FullText(HTML)

References (32)

References

张岩. 钛合金/不锈钢异种材料激光焊接头微观组织及力学性能的研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2019.

Zhang Yan. Study on microstructures and properties of la-ser welded joints of Titanium alloy/stainless steel dis-similar mate-rials[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2019.

孙倩, 张霞, 张罡, 等. TA2, Q345及其爆炸复合板高周疲劳性能研究[J]. 压力容器, 2019, 36(7): 9 − 17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4837.2019.07.002

Sun Qian, Zhang Xia, Zhang Gang, et al. Researches on high cycle fatigue properties of TA2, Q345 and their explosively bonded plates[J]. Pressure Vessel Technology, 2019, 36(7): 9 − 17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4837.2019.07.002

Mou G, Hua X, Wu D, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of cold metal transfer welding-brazing of titanium alloy (TC4) to stainless steel (304L) using V-shaped groove joints[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2018, 266: 696 − 706.

温秉权. 金属材料手册[M]. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2009.

Wen Bingquan. Handbook of metal materials[M]. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2009.

Massalski T B. Binary alloy phase diagrams; Materials Park[M]. ASM International: Novelty, OH, USA, 1990.

李标峰. 钛与钢及钛复合钢板的焊接性研究(Ⅱ)[J]. 材料开发与应用, 2004, 19(2): 45 − 46. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1545.2004.02.013

Li Biaofeng. Study on the weldability of titanium and steel and titanium clad steel plate(Ⅱ)[J]. Development and Application of Materials, 2004, 19(2): 45 − 46. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1545.2004.02.013

Li S, Chen Y, Zhou X, et al. High-strength titanium alloy/steel butt joint produced via friction stir welding[J]. Materials Letters, 2019, 234: 155 − 158. doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2018.09.094

Shi C G, Sun Z R, Fang Z H, et al. Design and test of a protective structure for the double vertical explosive welding of large titanium/steel plate[J]. China Welding, 2019, 28(3): 7 − 14.

Cheng Z, Ye Z, Huang J H, et al. Influence of heat input on the intermetallic compound characteristics and fracture mechanisms of titanium-stainless steel MIG-TIG double-sided arc welding joints[J]. Intermetallics, 2020, 127: 106973. doi: 10.1016/j.intermet.2020.106973

Wang T, Zhang B G, Wang H Q, et al. Microstructures and mechanical properties of electron beam-welded titanium-steel joints with vanadium, nickel, copper and silver filler metals[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2014, 23(4): 1498 − 1504. doi: 10.1007/s11665-014-0897-8

Hao X H, Dong H G, Xia Y Q, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of laser welded TC4 titanium alloy/304 stainless steel joint with (CoCrFeNi)100-xCux high-entropy alloy interlayer[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2019, 803: 649 − 657. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.06.225

Zhang Y, Sun D Q, Gu X Y, et al. Nd: YAG pulsed laser welding of TC4 Ti alloy to 301L stainless steel using Ta/V/Fe composite interlayer[J]. Materials Letters, 2018, 212: 54 − 57. doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2017.10.057

褚巧玲. TA1/Q345层状复合板焊接机理及其组织演变行为研究[D]. 西安: 西安理工大学, 2017.

Chu Qiaoling. Fusion welding on TA1/Q345 lamellar structure and joint microstructure evolution[D]. Xian: Xian University of Technology, 2017.

Song T F, Jiang X S, Shao Z Y, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of vacuum diffusion bonded joints be-tween Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy and AISI316L stainless steel using Cu/Nb multi-interlayer[J]. Vacuum, 2017, 145: 68 − 76. doi: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2017.08.017

Yue X, He P, Feng J C, et al. Microstructure and interfacial reactions of vacuum brazing titanium alloy to stainless steel using an AgCuTi filler metal[J]. Materials Characterization, 2008, 59(12): 1721 − 1727. doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2008.03.014

Sravanthi S S, Acharyya S G, Phani Prabhakar, et al. Effect of welding parameters on the corrosion behavior of dissimilar alloy welds of T6 AA6061 Al-Galvanized mild steel[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2018, 27: 5518 − 5531. doi: 10.1007/s11665-018-3596-z

Shi Y, Li J, Zhang G, et al. Corrosion behavior of aluminum-steel weld-brazing joint[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2016, 25(5): 1916 − 1923. doi: 10.1007/s11665-016-2020-9

Vergara-Juarez F, Rosales-Cadena I, Salinas-Bravo V M, et al. Effect of methanol on the corrosion behaviour of Al-Cu Alloys in sulphuric acid[J]. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 2017, 52(6): 476 − 483. doi: 10.1080/1478422X.2017.1335531

Sarvghad-Moghaddam M, Parvizi R, Davoodi A, et al. Establishing a correlation between interfacial microstructures and corrosion initiation sites in Al/Cu joints by SEM-EDS and AFM-SKPFM[J]. Corrosion Science, 2014, 79: 148 − 158. doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2013.10.039

Behúlová M, Babalová E, Nagy M. Simulation model of Al-Ti dissimilar laser welding-brazing and its experimental verification[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2017, 179: 012007. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/179/1/012007

Vacchi G S, Plaine A H, Silva R, et al. Effect of friction spot welding (FSpW) on the surface corrosion behavior of over-lapping AA6181-T4/Ti-6Al-4V joints[J]. Materials & Design, 2017, 131: 127 − 134.

Madhavan S, Kamaraj M, Vijayaraghavan L, et al. Cold metal transfer welding of dissimilar A6061 aluminum alloy-az31b magnesium alloy: effect of heat input on microstructure, residual stress and corrosion behavior[J]. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 2016, 70(4): 1047 − 1054.

Li S X, Khan H, Hihara L H, et al. Marine atmospheric corrosion of Al-Mg joints by friction stir blind riveting[J]. Corrosion Science, 2016, 111: 793 − 801. doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2016.05.009

Adlakha I, Bazehhour B G, Muthegowda N C, et al. Effect of mechanical loading on the galvanic corrosion behavior of a magnesium-steel structural joint[J]. Corrosion Science, 2018, 133: 300 − 309. doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2018.01.038

Liu L M, Xu R Z, Investigation of corrosion behavior of Mg-steel laser-TIG hybrid lap joints[J]. Corrosion Science, 2012, 54: 212−218.

Ravi Shankar A, Sole R, Thyagarajan K, et al. Failure analysis of titanium heater tubes and stainless steel heat ex-changer weld joints in nitric acid loop[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2019, 99: 248 − 262. doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.02.016

韩小敏. 钛-钢复合板爆炸焊接工艺及组织与性能研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2016.

Han Xiaomin. Investigation on the explosive welding technology and its microstructure and property of titanium-steel compo-site plate[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016.

Zhang B G, Wang T, Chen G Q, et al. Contact reactive joining of TA15 and 304 stainless steel Via a copper interlayer heated by electron beam with a beam deflection[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2012, 21(10): 2067 − 2073. doi: 10.1007/s11665-012-0132-4

吕小青, 鲁硕, 徐连勇, 等. 7075/TC4异种金属CMT Advanced+P熔钎焊特性分析[J]. 焊接学报, 2021, 42(2): 1 − 7. doi: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20201019003

Lü Xiaoqing, Lu Su, Xu Lianyong, et al. Analysis of CMT advanced+P welding-brazing characteristics of 7075/TC4 dissimilar metals[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2021, 42(2): 1 − 7. doi: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20201019003

Chang J H, Cao R, Yan Y J. The joining behavior of titanium and Q235 steel joined by cold metal transfer joining technology[J]. Materials, 2019, 12(15): 2413. doi: 10.3390/ma12152413

Cao R, Feng Z, Lin Q L. Study on cold metal transfer welding–brazing of titanium to copper[J]. Materials & Design, 2014, 56: 165 − 173.

Cao R, Sun J H, Chen J H. Mechanisms of joining aluminum A6061-T6 and titanium Ti–6Al–4V alloys by cold metal transfer technology[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2013, 18(5): 425 − 433. doi: 10.1179/1362171813Y.0000000118

[1]	LI Xiao, DU Yahong, GAO Liyin, YUAN Xiaohong, ZHOU Wenyan, KANG Feifei, LIU Zhiquan. Influence of plasma cleaning on the surface state and mechanical properties of Cu/Al wire bonding joint[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2024, 45(12): 14-19. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20231020002
[2]	GUAN Ruofei, JIA Qiang, ZHAO Jin, ZHANG Hongqiang, WANG Yishu, ZOU Guisheng, GUO Fu. Research progress in high-performance power device packaging and power cycle reliability[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2023, 44(12): 124-136. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20230613015
[3]	CHI Dazhao, GUO Tao, ZHANG Runqi, ZHANG Tao, SHEN Hao. Study on real-time imaging detection of bonding defects by acoustic impedance method[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2022, 43(11): 107-111. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20220702001
[4]	XU Yan, LIU Yinglai, NIE Xianghui, FENG Zhenjun, LI Liang, YANG Fengping. Analysis of mechanical properties and application effect of over-matching lap angle weld joint[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2022, 43(10): 101-105. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20211021001
[5]	HE Xiaodong, GAO Xiongxiong, David Han, CHI Qiang, HUO Chunyong, José B. Bacalhau. Performance and strain evolution of different strength matching girth welds of high Nb X80 pipeline[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2022, 43(2): 34-39. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20210330004
[6]	QIN Guoliang, FENG Chao, JIANG Haihong, JIANG Zili, GENG Peihao. Microstructure and properties of weld by high-speed tandem TIG welding of different arc power matching[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2019, 40(11): 39-44. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.2019400285
[7]	NIU Yong, SONG Yonglun, ZENG Zhoumo. Resonance phenomenon of small current pulsed TIG arc and analysis of AC impedance features[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2011, (2): 13-16.
[8]	YANG Yunzhen, WANG Guilan, ZHANG Haiou, XIA Weisheng. Preparation and complex impedance analysis of functionally gradient PEN for MOLB-type SOFC by plasma spraying digital forming[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2008, (1): 13-16.
[9]	CAO Lei, SUN Qian, ZONG Pei, FAN Ming-qi. Characteristis and sorting method of equal strength matched welded joint[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2006, (7): 81-84.
[10]	LI Jie, ZHANG Yu-feng, HUO Li-xing, WANG Dong-po. Effect of strength match on damage performance of welded connection under the seismic loading[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2003, (1): 27-30.

Cited By

Cited by

Periodical cited type(2)

1.	曹润平，韩永全，刘晓虎，洪海涛，韩蛟. 稀土铈对电弧及熔滴过渡行为的影响. 焊接学报. 2025(01): 95-102 . 本站查看
2.	刘景武，张蕾，杜义，孙磊，王杏华，张晓，董星. 785 MPa及以上高强钢焊接材料的研发现状与展望. 精密成形工程. 2025(02): 62-75 .

Other cited types(0)

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article views (451) PDF downloads (41) Cited by(2)

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Abstract

References

Microstructure and properties of titanium alloy/stainless steel joint by cold metal transfer joining technology