Microstructure and properties of Inconel 718 cladding layer efficiently fabricated by laser metal deposition with hot wire
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
Enhancing the performance of engineering components through surface modification or additive repair can effectively increase the service life of parts, in support of green and sustainable development strategy. In this study, Inconel 718 cladding layers were prepared on the surface of 316L stainless steel using the hot-wire laser metal deposition technology, with a line energy of 81.4 kJ/m and a wire deposition rate up to 3.1 kg/h. The microstructure, phase composition, microhardness, and wear resistance of the Inconel 718 cladding layer were investigated in detail. The results revealed that the microstructure of the Inconel 718 coatings was predominantly comprised of numerous columnar dendrites. The columnar dendrites grew vertically from the substrate surface or the boundaries between adjacent deposited tracks towards to the center of the coating. The γ-Ni phase was identified as the primary phase in the Inconel 718 cladding layer, with a "chain-like" and "island-like" distribution of Laves phase detected in the inter-dendritic regions. The average microhardness of the Inconel 718 coating was measured at 268.89 HV1, which was 37% higher than that of the 316L substrate. Moreover, the average friction coefficient of the Inconel 718 cladding layer was determined as 0.53, with a friction mass loss of 23.9% compared to the substrate of 316L stainless steel. The worn surface of the Inconel 718 coating was characterized by fine scratches and minor peeling, indicating an adhesive wear mechanism.
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