Influence of rare earths, Ga element and their synergistic effects on the microstructure and properties of lead-free solders

XUE Peng; HE Peng; LONG Weimin; SONG Min

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20200817001

TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION > 2021 > 42(4): 1-19. > DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20200817001

XUE Peng, HE Peng, LONG Weimin, SONG Min. Influence of rare earths, Ga element and their synergistic effects on the microstructure and properties of lead-free solders[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2021, 42(4): 1-19. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20200817001

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Influence of rare earths, Ga element and their synergistic effects on the microstructure and properties of lead-free solders

1.
Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals and Technology, China Innovation Academy of Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd, NingBo 315700, China
4.
Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Equipment Manufacturing Co. LTD

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Received Date: August 16, 2020
Available Online: March 31, 2021

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Rare earth (RE) elements and low melting-point Ga elements are often added as alloying elements to lead-free solders to improve the overall performance and reliability of the solder. When RE and Ga elements are added in combination, their synergistic effects can further improve the microstructure and properties of the solder. In particular, Ga element can effectively inhibit the growth of Sn whiskers in lead-free solders containing RE Nd. Therefore, this article reviewed the effects of RE, low melting-point Ga element and their synergistic effects on the microstructure, wettability, melting characteristics, mechanical properties and reliability of lead-free solders. What’s more, the mechanism of Sn whiskers formation in lead-free solders bearing RE and the factors affecting the growth of Sn whiskers were introduced. Finally, the deficiencies in the research of lead-free solder containing RE and Ga elements were summarized, and the future research direction was looked-ahead.
- rare earths,
- Ga element,
- synergistic effect,
- microstructure,
- property

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References (125)

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Influence of rare earths, Ga element and their synergistic effects on the microstructure and properties of lead-free solders