Visual sensing of P-GMAW penetration information from multiple view angles

Because the limit of welded structure, the penetration can only be detected from the topside of work piece in many circumstances. The shape regulations of full penetration for pulsed GMAG of thin plate were investigated, and some molten pool and weld bead characterized parameters for determining penetration were proposed based on the analysis of fusion metal volume. Viewed from various orientations, molten pool images had been clearly captured, and the performance of these view angles were investigated. The horizontal view method was analyzed for tube welding.