疲劳损伤对核电汽轮机焊接转子接头应力腐蚀开裂敏感性的影响

黄毓晖; 司晓法; 翁硕; 轩福贞

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20191113001

疲劳损伤对核电汽轮机焊接转子接头应力腐蚀开裂敏感性的影响

1.
华东理工大学，承压系统与安全教育部重点试验室，上海，200237
2.
上海理工大学，上海，200093

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875202)

详细信息

作者简介:
黄毓晖，1983年出生，博士，副教授；主要从事核电材料在极端环境下的力学-化学行为研究；发表论文27篇；Email：yhhuang@ecust.edu.cn.

中图分类号: TG 407
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-11-12
- 网络出版日期: 2020-07-26
- 刊出日期: 2020-07-26

Effect of fatigue damage on stress corrosion cracking sensitivity of nuclear steam turbine welded joint

1.
Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
2.
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China

摘要

摘要: 采用慢应变速率拉伸试验(SSRT)研究了不同程度疲劳损伤对核电汽轮机焊接转子接头应力腐蚀开裂敏感性的影响，利用扫描电子显微镜等观察手段讨论了疲劳损伤对汽轮机焊接接头应力腐蚀开裂敏感性和二次裂纹的作用机理. 结果表明，疲劳损伤增强了核电汽轮机焊接转子接头应力腐蚀开裂敏感性. 此外，疲劳损伤的作用使空气中试样的塑性提高而在腐蚀溶液中塑性降低，也影响了试样内部二次裂纹的产生和扩展.
- 核电汽轮机转子 /
- 焊接接头 /
- 应力腐蚀 /
- 慢应变速率拉伸试验
Abstract: The effect of fatigue damage on the stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of nuclear steam turbine welded rotor was studied by slow strain rate test (SSRT). The mechanism of fatigue damage on stress corrosion cracking susceptibility and secondary crack of nuclear steam turbine welded joint was discussed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that fatigue damage enhances the stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of welded joints. In addition, the fatigue damage increased the plasticity of the samples in the air and decreased the plasticity in the corrosion environment, furthermore, it affected the formation and propagation of the secondary cracks in the samples.
- nuclear steam turbine rotor /
- welded joint /
- stress corrosion /
- slow strain rate test

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图 1 试样示意图(mm)

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of specimens. (a) pre-fatigue specimen；(b) SSRT specimen

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图 2 焊接接头的微观组织

Figure 2. Microstructure of welded joint. (a) base metal; (b) weld metal; (c) coarse-grain zone; (d) fine-grain zone; (e) welded joint

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图 3 焊接接头的显微硬度

Figure 3. Microhardness of welded joint

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图 4 不同疲劳周次下载荷与位移曲线

Figure 4. Load-displacement curves under different fatigue. (a) air; (b) 3.5% NaCl solution

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图 5 SSRT试样的断裂位置

Figure 5. Fracture location of SSRT specimens

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图 6 空气中0周次下SSRT的断口形貌

Figure 6. Fracture morphology of SSRT under 0 cycle in air.(a) fracture morphology; (b) enlarged morphology at 1; (c) enlarged morphology at 2

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图 9 3.5% NaCl溶液中0周次下SSRT的断口形貌

Figure 9. Fracture morphology of SSRT under 0 cycle in 3.5% NaCl solution.(a) enlarged morphology at 1；(b) enlarged morphology at 2；(c) enlarged morphology at 3

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图 8 空气中9 000周次下SSRT的断口形貌

Figure 8. Fracture morphology of SSRT under 9 000 cycles in air.(a) enlarged morphology at 1; (b) enlarged morphology at 2; (c) enlarged morphology at 3

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图 10 3.5% NaCl溶液中9 000周次下SSRT的断口形貌

Figure 10. Fracture morphology of SSRT under 9 000 cycles in 3.5% NaCl solution. (a) enlarged morphology at 1; (b) enlarged morphology at 2; (c) enlarged morphology at 3

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图 7 典型疲劳周次下SSRT的断口形貌

Figure 7. Fracture morphology of SSRT under typical fatigue cycles. (a) 9 000 cycles in air; (b) 0 cycle in 3.5% NaCl solution; (c) 9 000 cycles in 3.5% NaCl solution

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图 11 空气中0周次断裂位置附近的表面形貌

Figure 11. Surface topography near the typical fatiguefracture location of 0 cycle in air

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图 12 3.5%NaCl溶液中典型疲劳周次SSRT断裂位置附近表面形貌与裂纹形貌

Figure 12. Surface topography near the typical fatigue fracture location and crack morphology in 3.5% NaCl solution. (a) 0 cycle ；(b) amplifying at A of 0 cycle； (c) 9 000 cycles; (d) amplifying at B of 9 000 cycles； (e) crack morphology of 0 cycle； (f) crack morphology of 9 000 cycles

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表 1 25Cr2Ni2MoV钢焊接接头母材和焊缝的化学成分(质量分数，%)

Table 1 Chemical compositions of 25Cr2Ni2MoV welded joint base metal and weld

材料	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Ni	Mo	V
BM	0.23	0.10	0.18	0.005	0.005	2.33	2.21	0.75	0.1
WM	0.12	0.20	1.48	0.005	0.005	0.57	2.18	0.51	—

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表 2 SSRT试验参数与应力腐蚀开裂敏感性指标

Table 2 SSRT experimental parameters and stress corrosion cracking sensitivity indexes

疲劳寿命C(周次)	环境	屈服强度R_eL/MPa	强度极限R_TS/MPa	断后伸长率A(%)	断面收缩率Z(%)	敏感性参数(%)
疲劳寿命C(周次)	环境	屈服强度R_eL/MPa	强度极限R_TS/MPa	断后伸长率A(%)	断面收缩率Z(%)	I₁	I₂
0	空气	647	708	13.5	59.5	—	—
0	腐蚀	602	666	7.0	29.5	51.85	49.58
2 500	空气	710	738	15.0	66.0	—	—
2 500	腐蚀	665	724	5.5	12.0	36.67	18.18
5 000	空气	688	763	15.0	62.0	—	—
5 000	腐蚀	681	742	5.0	17.5	33.33	28.23
9 000	空气	705	759	14.5	64.5	—	—
9 000	腐蚀	679	726	4.5	12.5	31.03	19.38
15 000	空气	707	751	14.0	63.0	—	—
15 000	腐蚀	675	717	6.0	16.0	42.86	25.40

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表 3 典型周次裂纹形貌EDS元素分布(质量分数，%)

Table 3 Distribution of crack morphology EDS element under typical cycles

位置	O		Cl		Cr		Fe		Ni
位置	0周次	9 000周次	0周次	9 000周次	0周次	9 000周次	0周次	9 000周次	0周次	9 000周次
1	25.73	25.35	0.09	0.07	0.61	1.06	63.53	71.14	1.93	2.38
2	16.27	21.57	0.01	0.11	0.3	0.65	29.36	75.56	0.7	2.11
3	18.67	18.05	0.11	0.11	1.3	0.98	59.49	77.69	1.35	2.36
4	0	0.43	0	0.07	0.71	0.85	80.67	95.63	1.73	3.01

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