镍基合金异质熔焊9Ni钢接头组织和性能及纳米压痕分析

陈一鑫; 李晓泉; 郝本行; 云叶菱; 杜永勤

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20200803001

镍基合金异质熔焊9Ni钢接头组织和性能及纳米压痕分析

1.
南京工程学院，南京，211167
2.
南京宝色股份公司，南京，211178

详细信息

作者简介:
陈一鑫，硕士；主要从事焊接技术与工程和自保护药芯焊丝研发工作；Email：cyx1368995914@163.com.

通讯作者:
李晓泉，博士，教授；Email：lixq@njit.edu.cn.

中图分类号: TG 442
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-02
- 网络出版日期: 2021-07-04
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-30

Analysis of microstructure and properties and nanoindentation of nickel-based alloy heterogeneous fusion welded 9Ni steel joint

1.
Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211167, China
2.
Nanjing Baose Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 211178, China

摘要

摘要: 采用对接焊方法，以NiCrMo-6焊条作为填充材料，对板厚9 mm的9Ni钢母材进行了焊接试验.通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等方法对熔焊接头组织进行观察分析.采用纳米压痕技术对熔焊接头中母材(BM)、粗晶热影响区(CGHAZ)、熔合区(FB)和焊缝中心区域(WM)各微区之间的微观组织与力学性能的关系进行表征.辅以接头原位拉伸试验，确定焊接薄弱区.结果表明，焊缝柱状组织中，Fe-Cr，Ni-Cr-Fe等主要析出相在奥氏体基体上弥散分布，热影响区组织以粗板条马氏体及贝氏体为主，板条间逆变奥氏体相已基本消失.纳米压痕试验结果显示，熔焊接头具有突出的抗塑性流变变形能力，粗晶热影响区强度最高，而熔合区强度最低.拉伸断口观察试验进一步显示熔合线区域受撕裂应力影响易发生断裂，为接头薄弱区.
- 9%镍钢 /
- 焊接接头 /
- 显微组织 /
- 纳米压痕
Abstract: Adopting the butt welding method and using NiCrMo-6 electrode as the filler material, the welding experiment of the 9 mm thickness 9Ni steel base metal was carried out. Through optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy spectrum analysis (EDS), etc. Method Observe and analyze the structure of fusion welded joint. Nanoindentation technology is used to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of the base metal (BM), coarse-grain heat affected zone (CGHAZ), fusion zone (FB) and weld center area (WM) in the fusion welded joint. The relationship is characterized. Supplemented by the joint in-situ tensile test to determine the weakened area. The results show that: in the columnar structure of the weld, Fe-Cr, Ni-Cr-Fe and other main precipitation phases are dispersed on the austenite matrix, and the heat-affected zone is mainly composed of coarse lath martensite and bainite. The inverted austenite phase between the bars has basically disappeared. The nanoindentation test results show that the welded joint has outstanding resistance to plastic rheological deformation. The coarse-grain heat-affected zone has the highest strength, while the fusion zone has the lowest strength. The tensile fracture observation test further shows that the fusion line area is prone to tearing stress. Fracture is the weak area of the joint.
- 9% nickel steel /
- welded joint /
- microstructure /
- nanoindentation

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图 1 镍基合金熔焊接头的金相显微组织

Figure 1. Metallographic microstructure of nickel-based alloy welded joints. (a) BM; (b) CGHAZ; (c) FB; (d) WM

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图 2 扫描电镜分析图

Figure 2. Scanning electron microscope analysis chart. (a) CGHAZ; (b) WM; (c) SEM of CGHAZ; (d) SEM of WM

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图 3 透射电镜图

Figure 3. Transmission electron microscope. (a) austenite field image; (b) austenite diffraction pattern

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图 4 熔焊接头各微区微观力学性能

Figure 4. Micromechanical properties of each micro-zone of fusion welded joint. (a) nano hardness; (b) elastic modulus

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图 5 纳米压痕表征图

Figure 5. Characterization diagram of nanoindentation. (a) load-displacement curve; (b) time-indentation displacement curve

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图 6 应力—应变曲线本构关系表征图

Figure 6. Stress-strain curve constitutive relationship characterization diagram

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图 7 断口形貌扫描电镜图

Figure 7. Scanning electron micrograph of fracture topography. (a) fusion welding joint; (b) WM; (c) CGHAZ; (d) FB

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表 1 9%Ni钢化学成分(质量分数，%)

Table 1 Chemical composition of 9% nickel steel

材料	C	Si	Mn	Ni	S	P
ASME	≤0.13	0.13 ~ 0.45	≤0.98	8.4 ~ 9.6	≤0.035	≤0.035
9Ni%钢	0.021	0.25	0.72	9.18	0.003	0.002

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表 2 焊材熔敷金属化学成分(质量分数，%)

Table 2 Chemical composition of self-developed welding consumables

C	Mn	P	S	Si	Cr	Mo	Fe	W	Nb+Ta	Ni
0.01	3.02	0.003	0.005	0.37	14.22	5.72	5.80	1.66	0.86	余量

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表 3 扫描电镜能谱分析

Table 3 Energy spectrum analysis data table

位置	质量分数w(%)					原子分数a(%)
位置	Ni	Cr	Mo	Fe	Nb	Ni	Cr	Mo	Fe	Nb
A	66.39	13.22	4.51	15.87	—	65.89	14.82	2.74	16.56	—
B	67.06	12.08	5.54	15.32	—	66.93	13.61	3.38	16.08	—
C	54.83	10.64	8.13	12.09	14.31	58.59	12.84	5.32	13.58	9.67

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表 4 接头纳米压痕力学性能

Table 4 Mechanical properties of joint nanoindentation

位置	塑性流动应力指数 n	屈服强度 R_eL/MPa	抗拉强度 R_m/MPa
母材	7.19	846.4	1 317.8
粗晶热影响	6.17	1 193.7	1 826.5
熔合区	1.20	1 092.6	1 657.9
焊缝中心	5.32	854.2	1 328.6

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表 5 拉伸断口选区元素成分含量

Table 5 elemental composition content table of tensile fracture selection area

编号	Nb	Mo	Ti	Cr	Mn	Fe	Ni	Si
A	—	1.64	1.24	25.73	7.29	8.48	55.82	—
B	4.12	8.67	0.15	14.85	3.98	10.89	56.25	1.24

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