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基于双目相移法的焊缝质量检测与评估

Detection and evaluation of weld quality based on binocular phase-shifting method

  • 摘要: 针对现有焊缝质量检测效率低、精度低的问题,文中提出了一种基于双目相移法的焊缝质量检测与评估方法.首先,基于四步相移法和双目视觉原理获取到带有焊缝的焊件点云.其次,采用“粗提取”和“精提取”相结合的模式从焊件点云中提取出焊缝点云.然后,提取焊缝点云的脊线并利用三次B样条曲线拟合算法拟合出脊线的方向线,并据此提取焊缝的截面点云. 最后,构建多维度焊缝质量量化评价指标体系并基于截面点云的几何特征完成焊缝成型质量的客观评估.搭建了焊缝点云获取系统并进行了试验,试验得到的焊宽偏差量最大值为 0.287 mm、最小值为 0.105 mm.试验结果表明,所提方法可用于多种不同类型焊缝的检测与评估,且具有稳定性强、精度高的优点,可满足工业现场高精度焊缝质量检测与评估的应用需求.

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low efficiency and poor accuracy of existing weld quality detection methods, this paper proposes a weld quality detection and evaluation method based on the binocular phase-shifting technique. The point clouds of weldment with weld are first obtained based on the four-step phase-shifting method and the principle of binocular vision. Secondly, the model combining “rough extraction” and “fine extraction” is adopted to extract the weld point clouds from the weldment point clouds. Then, the ridge line of the weld point clouds is extracted and the direction line of the ridge line is fitted by the cubic B-spline curve fitting algorithm, and the cross-section point clouds of the weld are extracted accordingly. Finally, the multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation index system of weld quality is constructed and the objective evaluation of weld forming quality is completed based on the geometric characteristics of cross-section point clouds. The weld point clouds acquisition system was established and experiments were conducted. The maximum deviation of the weld width obtained in the experiment is 0.287 mm, and the minimum deviation is 0.105 mm. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method can be applied to the detection and evaluation of various types of welds, and has the advantages of strong stability and high precision, which can meet the application requirements of high-precision weld quality detection and evaluation in industrial field.

     

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