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高氮钢激光焊接接头组织与耐腐蚀性能

The organization and corrosion resistance of laser welded joints of high nitrogen steels

  • 摘要: 随着高氮钢在海洋工程领域的发展,对其焊接接头性能要求也越来越高,为了探究不同激光功率下焊接接头的显微组织、元素变化以及耐腐蚀性能. 采用半导体激光器对氮含量为0.7%的高氮奥氏体不锈钢进行焊接,结果表明,随着激光功率的增加,焊缝的熔深和熔宽增加,焊缝中的树枝状晶体结构增多,焊缝处氮含量也随着激光功率的增加而减少,形成了碳化物以及氮化物等化合物.在激光功率为2 300 W时,接头的弯曲强度达到最大为4 346.5 N,约占母材的92.7%,接头的硬度均低于母材,且在不同激光功率下的差异不大.通过电化学腐蚀试验,在激光功率为1 900 W时,氮元素损失较少,更有利于形成钝化膜,容抗弧半径最大,腐蚀电流最小,使得焊接接头的耐点蚀性能较好.

     

    Abstract: With the development of high-nitrogen steel in the field of marine engineering, the performance requirements for its welded joints are becoming increasingly stringent. This paper employs a semiconductor laser to weld high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with a nitrogen content of 0.7%, investigating the microstructure, elemental changes, and corrosion resistance of the welded joints under different laser power conditions. The results indicate that as laser power increases, the penetration depth and width of the weld increase, the number of dendritic crystal structures in the weld increases, and the nitrogen content in the weld decreases with increasing laser power, forming compounds such as carbides and nitrides. At a laser power of 2300 W, the bending strength of the joint reached a maximum of 4346.5 N, accounting for approximately 92.7% of the base material. The hardness of the joint was lower than that of the base material, with little difference across different laser powers. Through electrochemical corrosion tests, at a laser power of 1900 W, nitrogen loss is minimal, which is more conducive to the formation of a passivation film. The capacitive arc radius is maximum, and the corrosion current is minimum, resulting in better pitting corrosion resistance of the welded joint.

     

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