Abstract: To study the influence of electrode movement and rotation direction on the formation of electro-spark deposited layers, single-pass deposition tests and multi-pass multi-layer continuous deposition tests with different direction combinations were conducted. The surface morphology, three-dimensional morphology, roughness, deposition efficiency, and discharge type ratio of the deposited layers were analyzed. The results indicate that the width of the single-pass deposited layer during transverse movement of the electrode is close to the length of the conical busbar at the electrode tip and is significantly larger than the width of the single-pass deposited layer during longitudinal movement of the electrode. During the single-pass deposition process, the discharge pulse density affects the height distribution of the deposited layer in this area, and low-lying areas are prone to forming when the discharge pulse density is relatively large. During longitudinal movement of the electrode, the discharge pulse density is relatively large, and the formed longitudinal deposited layer presents a central depression and lateral protrusions. During the multi-pass multi-layer continuous deposition tests, a greater deposition efficiency and a smaller roughness can be obtained by transverse movement of the electrode. The relative directions of the electrode movement velocity v and rotational linear velocity v_xn affect the contact discharge ratio and deposition efficiency. When v is in the same direction as v_xn, the maximum deposition efficiency and the minimum roughness can be obtained.