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成分变化对SnBiInAl低熔点中熵钎料合金组织与性能的影响

Influence of composition variations on microstructure and properties of SnBiInAl low-melting-point medium-entropy solder alloys

  • 摘要: 随着三维集成封装技术的迅速发展,对低温无铅钎料的性能与可靠性提出了更高的要求. 基于中熵合金理念设计和制备出四种不同成分的SnBiInAl低熔点中熵钎料合金. 结果表明,Sn34Bi30In31Al5 (原子分数,%)和Sn42Bi22In31Al5 钎料合金的峰值熔化温度偏低,分别为90.5 ℃和87.5 ℃;Sn55Bi33In9Al3 和Sn56Bi30In9Al5 钎料合金的峰值熔化温度较高,分别为132.0 ℃和128.6 ℃,在180 ℃下的润湿角分别为42.5°和41.2°,满足钎料润湿性要求. Sn42Bi22In31Al5钎料合金由富Sn相和Bi3In5相构成,其余三种钎料合金均由富Sn相、富Bi相和InBi相构成. 四种SnBiInAl中熵钎料中,Sn56Bi30In9Al5钎料合金的极限抗拉强度最高,为67 MPa,但其断后伸长率较低,约24%,这与合金内的大块富Bi相和各组成相内固溶了较多的Al元素有关. Sn55Bi33In9Al3钎料合金同时拥有较高的极限抗拉强度(60 MPa)和断后伸长率(40%).

     

    Abstract: With the rapid development of three-dimensional integrated packaging technology, higher requirements have been put forward for the performance and reliability of low-temperature lead-free solders. Based on the concept of medium-entropy alloy, four SnBiInAl low-melting-point medium-entropy solder alloys with different compositions were designed and prepared. The results show that the peak melting temperatures of Sn34Bi30In31Al5 (at.%) and Sn42Bi22In31Al5 solder alloys are relatively low, reaching 90.5 ℃ and 87.5 ℃, respectively. The peak melting temperatures of Sn55Bi33In9Al3 and Sn56Bi30In9Al5 solder alloys are relatively higher, being 132.0 ℃ and 128.6 ℃, respectively. Their wetting angles at 180 ℃ are 42.5° and 41.2°, respectively, which meet the requirements of wettability for solders. The Sn42Bi22In31Al5 solder alloy is composed of Sn-rich phase and Bi3In5 phase, while the other three solder alloys are all composed of Sn-rich phase, Bi-rich phase, and InBi phase. Among the four SnBiInAl medium-entropy solders, the Sn56Bi30In9Al5 solder alloy exhibits the highest ultimate tensile strength of 67 MPa, but its total elongation after fracture is relatively low, which is about 24%. This is associated with the presence of the large Bi-rich phases in the alloy and the solid solution of a considerable amount of Al elements in each constituent phase. The Sn55Bi33In9Al3 solder alloy possesses both relatively high ultimate tensile strength (60 MPa) and total elongation after fracture (40%).

     

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