高级检索

同步磁场调控Plasma-PMIG复合焊电弧形态与数值模拟

Arc morphology and numerical simulation of plasma-PMIG hybrid welding regulated and controlled by synchronous magnetic field

  • 摘要: 在等离子-脉冲熔化极惰性气体保护复合焊(plasma-pluse metal inter gas welding,Plasma-PMIG)中,异极性电弧间的强烈电磁排斥力严重削弱了等离子弧的挺度与深熔特性. 鉴于传统恒定磁场难以适配PMIG脉冲电流剧烈波动引起的排斥力动态变化,提出一种同步磁场调控方法,以实现双弧柔性耦合. 研制了同步磁场控制装置,通过实时监测PMIG电流波形边沿,输出与脉冲峰/基值匹配的磁场电压;结合XIRIS高速摄像与FLUENT数值模拟,建立了三维磁流体动力学模型,研究了同步磁场电压对304不锈钢焊接电弧形态及温度场的动态影响. 结果表明,同步磁场产生的洛伦兹力能动态抵消电磁排斥力. 当磁场电压为36 V时,洛伦兹力与排斥力在峰值阶段达到最佳平衡,等离子弧保持垂直且挺度增强,实现了双弧动态柔性耦合,消除了蛇形焊缝及飞溅. 最佳工艺参数下熔深提升22.1%,显著改善了传质传热稳定性,大幅提升了成形质量.

     

    Abstract: In plasma-pulse metal inert gas welding (Plasma-PMIG), the strong electromagnetic repulsive force between arcs of opposite polarities severely diminishes the stiffness and deep penetration characteristics of the plasma arc. Given that traditional constant magnetic fields struggle to adapt to the dynamic changes in repulsive force caused by the drastic fluctuations of the PMIG pulse current, a regulation and control method of synchronous magnetic field was proposed to achieve flexible coupling between the dual arcs. A synchronous magnetic field control device was developed to output magnetic field voltages matched with the pulse peak and base values by monitoring the edges of the PMIG current waveform in real time. By combining XIRIS high-speed imaging with FLUENT numerical simulation, a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic model was established to investigate the dynamic effects of synchronous magnetic field voltage on the arc morphology and temperature field during the welding of 304 stainless steel. The results indicate that the Lorentz force generated by the synchronous magnetic field can dynamically counteract the electromagnetic repulsive force. When the magnetic field voltage is 36 V, the Lorentz force and the repulsive force reach an optimal balance during the peak phase, allowing the plasma arc to remain perpendicular and enhancing its stiffness. This technology realizes dynamic flexible coupling of the dual arcs, eliminating serpentine weld seams and spattering. Under optimal parameters, the weld penetration increases by 22.1%, significantly improving the stability of mass and heat transfer processes and substantially enhancing the formation quality.

     

/

返回文章
返回