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AZ31/FeCoCrNiMn搅拌摩擦搭接焊接头成形及拉剪断裂特性分析

Analysis on forming and tensile shear fracture characteristics of AZ31/FeCoCrNiMn joint fabricated by friction stir lap welding

  • 摘要: 采用搅拌摩擦搭接焊 (friction stir lap welding, FSLW)工艺在不同转速下对FeCoCrNiMn高熵合金 (high entropy alloy, HEA) 与ASTM AZ31合金进行焊接,通过拉剪测试评估接头力学性能,利用多种表征方法研究转速对AZ31/FeCoCrNiMn接头成形及拉剪断裂特性的影响.结果表明,随着转速从1300 r/min提高至1600 r/min,AZ31/FeCoCrNiMn接头前进侧、后退侧的上板有效承载厚度分别从4372 μm和4268 μm减小到3815 μm和3802 μm;经搅拌破碎分布于Mg侧搅拌区的HEA颗粒数量逐渐增加,接头的性能和断裂模式也发生改变.转速在1300 r/min至1500 r/min时,AZ31/FeCoCrNiMn接头沿界面附近断裂,HEA侧断口表面有大量的AZ31残留,说明断裂部分发生在AZ31内部,此时接头性能良好,最高拉剪强度达108.3 MPa,为AZ31母材的83.4%.当转速为1600 r/min时,断裂从钩状结构尖端向上延伸并贯穿AZ31板材发生,断口表面存在HEA颗粒残留,说明颗粒为裂纹扩展提供了路径,此时接头性能较差,最高拉剪强度为57.5 MPa.

     

    Abstract: FeCoCrNiMn high entropy alloy (HEA) was welded to ASTM AZ31 alloy at different rotation speeds by using friction stir lap welding (FSLW) technology. The mechanical properties of joints were evaluated through tensile shear tests. Various characterization techniques were applied to investigate the effect of rotation speed on the forming of the AZ31/FeCoCrNiMn joints and the tensile shear fracture characteristics. The results indicate that as the rotation speed increases from 1 300 r/min to 1 600 r/min, the effective load-bearing thickness of the upper plate on the advancing side and retreating side of the AZ31/FeCoCrNiMn joint decreases from 4 372 μm and 4 268 μm to 3 815 μm and 3 802 μm, respectively. At the same time, the number of HEA particles distributed in the stirring zone on the Mg side gradually increases after being stirred and crushed. As a result, the joint’s performance and fracture mode are altered. With the rotation speed ranging from 1 300 r/min to 1 500 r/min, the AZ31/FeCoCrNiMn joint fractures near the interface. A considerable amount of AZ31 residues is on the fracture surface of the HEA side, indicating that the fracture part is inside the AZ31. At this moment, the joint exhibits excellent mechanical properties, with the maximum tensile shear strength reaching 108.3 MPa, corresponding to 83.4% of that of the AZ31 base material. At the rotation speed of 1 600 r/min, the fracture extends upward from the tip of the hook structure and propagates through the AZ31 plate. HEA residue particles are on the fracture surface, suggesting that these particles provide a route for crack propagation. Consequently, the joint exhibits poor properties with a maximum tensile shear strength of only 57.5 MPa.

     

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