Abstract: High-manganese austenitic steels exhibit excellent comprehensive properties and have been widely used in aerospace, petrochemical and rail transportation. The three deformation mechanisms of high-manganese austenitic steels (martensitic phase transformation, twinning, and dislocation movement) are determined by the magnitude of stacking fault energy (SFE), which is mainly affected by alloying elements and deformation temperature. This paper reviews the influence of alloying elements on the SFE of high-manganese austenitic steels, elaborates on the variation relationship of microstructure and properties, and proposes the recommended proportion of alloying elements. It has important engineering application value for promoting the development of high manganese austenitic steel.