QP980淬火-配分钢热模拟激光焊接热影响区性能

王金凤; 郭亿; 苏文超; 车亚军; 蔡笑宇; 李文娟; 徐肖飞

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20240430002

QP980淬火-配分钢热模拟激光焊接热影响区性能

1.
哈尔滨工业大学, 材料结构精密焊接与连接全国重点实验室, 哈尔滨, 150001
2.
湖北汽车工业学院, 汽车材料学院, 十堰, 442002
3.
东风汽车零部件(集团)有限公司, 十堰, 442016

基金项目:

湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2025AFD184)、先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室开放课题基金资助项目(AWJ-23M25)

详细信息

作者简介:
王金凤，博士，教授；研究方向为汽车轻量化材料连接技术；Email：ivwangjinfeng@126.com

中图分类号: TG 456.7
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-29
- 网络出版日期: 2025-06-09

Thermal simulation laser welding heat affected zone performance of QP980 quenching-partitioning steel

1.
State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
2.
Hubei University of Automotive Technology, School of Automotive Materials, Shiyan, 442002, China
3.
Dongfeng Motor Parts and Components Group Co., Ltd., Shiyan, 442016, China

摘要

摘要:
文中采用Gleeble-3500热模拟系统对QP980淬火-配分钢激光焊接热影响区(heat affected zone，HAZ)不同亚区进行热模拟，通过研究HAZ不同亚区的组织和性能，并与焊接接头HAZ相同区域进行比较. 结果表明，热模拟获得的焊接HAZ各亚区组织与激光焊接接头相同区域的组织一致. 力学性能分析表明，在热模拟试样中，亚临界热影响区(sub-critical heat affected zone，SCHAZ)抗拉强度和硬度都最低，断后伸长率在整个焊接HAZ中最大. 拉伸试验中SCHAZ发生了明显的伸长，表明延展性能最好. 焊接接头横截面硬度分析表明，焊接接头的临界热影响区(inter-critical heat affected zone, ICHAZ)硬度低于母材( base metal, BM)，为焊接接头的软化区. 焊接接头的拉伸性能及横截面硬度分布表明焊接接头的薄弱区域位于焊接HAZ的ICHAZ，与模拟焊接HAZ的性能吻合. 通过对SCHAZ的组织进行分析，相比BM的几何必须位错密度(geometrically necessary dislocations，GND)减少，平均晶粒尺寸增大，小角度晶界晶粒含量下降.
- QP980淬火-配分钢 /
- 激光焊接 /
- 模拟焊接热影响区 /
- 接头软化
Abstract:
In this study, Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation system was used to simulate the different sub-regions of the heat affected zone of QP980 quenching-partitioning steel laser welding. The microstructure and properties of each sub-zone were studied and compared with the same area of the heat affected zone of the welded joint. The results showed that the microstructure of each sub-region of the welding heat affected zone obtained by thermal simulation is consistent with that of the same region of the laser welded joints. The mechanical properties analysis showed that the tensile strength and hardness of the sub-critical heat affected zone(SCHAZ) are the lowest in the thermal simulation samples, and the elongation after fracture is the largest in the whole welding heat affected zone. In the tensile test, obvious elongation also occurred in this area, indicating that its ductility was the best. The hardness analysis of the cross section of the welded joint showed that the hardness of the inter-critical heat affected zone(ICHAZ)of the welded joint is lower than that of the base metal(BM), which is the softening zone of the welded joint. The tensile properties and cross-sectional hardness distribution of the welded joint showed that the weak area of the welded joint is located in the ICHAZ, which is consistent with the performance of the simulated welding heat affected zone. Through the analysis of the microstructure of the SCHAZ, compared with the BM, the geometrically necessary dislocations (GND) must be reduced, the average grain size is increased, and the small angle grain content is decreased.
- QP980 quenching-partitioning steel /
- laser welding /
- simulated welding heat affected zone /
- joint softening

HTML全文

图 1 QP980淬火-配分钢相变点

Figure 1. Phase transformation point of QP980 quenching-partitioning steel

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图 2 热模拟的热循环曲线

Figure 2. Thermal cycle curve of thermal simulation

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图 3 显微硬度测试

Figure 3. Microhardness test. (a) thermal simulation sample; (b) welded joint cross-section

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图 4 热模拟试样示意图(mm)

Figure 4. Thermal simulation sample schematic diagram

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图 5 激光焊接接头横截面宏观形貌

Figure 5. Macroscopic morphology of cross section of laser welding joints

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图 6 激光焊接接头HAZ微观组织

Figure 6. Macromorphology and microstructure in HAZ of laser welding joint. (a) SCHAZ; (b) ICHAZ; (c) FGHAZ; (d) CGHAZ

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图 7 峰值温度下模拟焊接HAZ微观组织

Figure 7. Simulated welding HAZ microstructure at peak temperatures. (a) SCHAZ; (b) ICHAZ; (c) FGHAZ; (d) CGHAZ

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图 8 激光焊接接头横截面硬度分布

Figure 8. Hardness distribution of the cross section of laser welding joint

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图 9 峰值温度下应力-应变曲线

Figure 9. Stress-strain curve at peak temperature

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图 10 QP980 BM微观组织EBSD分析

Figure 10. Microstructure EBSD analysis of QP980 BM. (a) SEM; (b) IPF; (c) KAM; (d) grain size distribution; (e) grain boundary misorientation distribution

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图 11 SCHAZ微观组织EBSD分析

Figure 11. Microstructure EBSD analysis of SCHAZ. (a) SEM; (b) IPF; (c) KAM; (d) grain size distribution; (e) grain boundary misorientation distribution

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表 1 QP980淬火-配分钢主要化学成分(质量分数，%)

Table 1 Main chemical composition of QP980 quenching-partitioning steel

C Si Mn P S B Al Fe

0.19 1.64 2.67 0.008 0.001 0.009 0.03 余量

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表 2 模拟焊接HAZ和BM拉伸力学性能

Table 2 Tensile mechanical properties of simulated welding HAZ and BM

位置峰值温度
T/℃ 抗拉强度
R_m/MPa 断后伸长率
A(%)

BM — 1081 14.0

SCHAZ 630 1008 11.9

ICHAZ 780 1130 11.4

FGHAZ 1000 1210 2.8

CGHAZ 1200 1310 2.2

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