激光热丝焊焊缝熔合比和焊缝深度方向的微观成分均匀性

Experimental analysis on fusion ratio and composition uniformity of laser hot wire welds

摘要: 以填充奥氏体不锈钢热丝的球墨铸铁焊接为例,研究了激光热丝焊焊缝熔合比和成分均匀性.结果表明,激光热丝焊熔合比小,为38%~55%;焊缝成分均匀性良好,焊缝Cr和Ni元素的不均匀度最高为0.5%和6%.与之相比较,激光-MIG复合焊焊缝熔合比为69%~77%;焊缝Cr和Ni元素的不均匀度最低也达到了62%和51%.激光热丝焊输入电能小且焊丝对输入电能的利用率高,因此能获得小的熔合比,而小的熔合比和焊丝以固态形式过渡进入熔池是焊缝成分均匀分布的原因.

Abstract: Ductile cast iron is welded with filling stainless steel hot wire in this article, then fusion ratio and distribution of elements are studied.The fusion ratio is as low as 38%-55%.The composition of filler wire distributes in welds uniformly.Nonuniform degrees of element Cr and Ni are 0.5% and 6%.Compared with laser hot wire welding, the fusion ratio of laser-MIG hybrid welds is 69%-77%, and the nonuniform degrees of element Cr and Ni are not less than 62% and 51%.The low electric energy input and its high utilization ratio for heating filler wire contribute to lower fusion ratio in laser hot wire welding compared to laser-MIG hybrid welding.The uniform distribution of filler wire in laser hot wire welds results from the low fusion ratio and solid filler wire transfer.