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李晓泉, 陈吉兴, 陈峰, 张旭, 韩玉君, 杨宗辉. 镍基焊接材料熔滴特性及焊态熔敷金属与低温钢力学性能匹配[J]. 焊接学报, 2023, 44(7): 89-94. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20220905002
引用本文: 李晓泉, 陈吉兴, 陈峰, 张旭, 韩玉君, 杨宗辉. 镍基焊接材料熔滴特性及焊态熔敷金属与低温钢力学性能匹配[J]. 焊接学报, 2023, 44(7): 89-94. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20220905002
LI Xiaoquan, CHEN Jixing, CHEN Feng, ZHANG Xu, HAN Yujun, YANG Zonghui. Droplet transfer characteristics and mechanical properties of deposited metal as welded matching with cryogenic temperature steel for nickel based consumables[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2023, 44(7): 89-94. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20220905002
Citation: LI Xiaoquan, CHEN Jixing, CHEN Feng, ZHANG Xu, HAN Yujun, YANG Zonghui. Droplet transfer characteristics and mechanical properties of deposited metal as welded matching with cryogenic temperature steel for nickel based consumables[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2023, 44(7): 89-94. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20220905002

镍基焊接材料熔滴特性及焊态熔敷金属与低温钢力学性能匹配

Droplet transfer characteristics and mechanical properties of deposited metal as welded matching with cryogenic temperature steel for nickel based consumables

  • 摘要: 以真空冶炼 + 电渣重熔二步法制取镍合金焊芯,设计高碱度药皮形成复层梯度型熔渣,并研制出ENiCrMo-6深冷镍合金专用焊条. 对研制焊条熔敷金属和采用ENiCrMo-6型异质材料焊接9Ni钢接头的力学性能进行试验. 借助Acuteye高速摄像技术研究熔滴过渡及熔池流动特性,采用JSM-6360LV型扫描电子显微镜分析复层熔渣结构. 对焊缝和热影响区进行观察和分析以从不同角度探讨低温断裂行为. 结果表明,针对液态镍合金熔滴过渡颗粒粗大、流动性差、焊缝成形困难问题,通过药皮设计形成复层梯度型熔渣可有效解决焊缝成形. 焊缝组织中,抑制奥氏体柱状晶粗化、减小超低温条件下的塑性损伤是保证低温韧性的重要条件. 采用ENiCrMo-6型焊条焊接9Ni钢,其焊态热影响区过热对板条马氏体和逆变奥氏体相的影响并不显著. 通常情况下,焊接加热不致严重降低过热区中板条马氏体间残留逆变奥氏体相,从而对过热薄弱区低温韧性具有组织保证作用.

     

    Abstract: The ENiCrMo-6 electrode for cryogenic temperature application was developed which was made of nickel alloy core wires obtained by duplex refining of vacuum melting and electroslag remelting, and specially designed coatings with high basicity allowing the formation of gradient composite slag. Mechanical property tests were carried out on the deposited metal and the welding joint of 9Ni steel welded by ENiCrMo-6 electrode. With the aid of Acuteye high speed photograph technology, the characteristics of the droplet transfer and the molten metal flow have been studied, and the microstructure of the composite slag layer has been observed by JSM-6360LV scanning electron microscope. The weld and heat affected zone are observed and analyzed to investigate the low-temperature fracture behavior from different perspectives. The results show that large shaped molten droplets of nickel alloy and the poor fluidity result in difficulties in weld formation, while special designed coatings is an effective solution, which allows the formation of a gradient composite slag layer to accelerate the forming of weld. To ensure joint ductility in cryogenic conditions, it is critical to avoid the coarsening of austenite columnar grains and reduce the ductility loss in weld metal as welded. The experiment results has proved that when welding 9Ni steel with ENiCrMo-6 electrode, the effect of overheat on lath martensite or reversed austenite in the as-welded heat affect zone is insignificant. Generally, overheat will not largely reduce the number of reversed austenite or retained austenite within the lath martensites, which guaranteed the ductility of joint under cryogenic condition.

     

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