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基于主成分及灰色关联度分析的5083铝合金FSW接头工艺参数优化

陈兴惠, 张洪申

陈兴惠, 张洪申. 基于主成分及灰色关联度分析的5083铝合金FSW接头工艺参数优化[J]. 焊接学报, 2023, 44(5): 62-69. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20220623001
引用本文: 陈兴惠, 张洪申. 基于主成分及灰色关联度分析的5083铝合金FSW接头工艺参数优化[J]. 焊接学报, 2023, 44(5): 62-69. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20220623001
CHEN Xinghui, ZHANG Hongshen. Process parameters optimization of 5083 aluminum alloy FSW joint based on principal component analysis and grey correlation analysis[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2023, 44(5): 62-69. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20220623001
Citation: CHEN Xinghui, ZHANG Hongshen. Process parameters optimization of 5083 aluminum alloy FSW joint based on principal component analysis and grey correlation analysis[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2023, 44(5): 62-69. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20220623001

基于主成分及灰色关联度分析的5083铝合金FSW接头工艺参数优化

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(50245036)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈兴惠,硕士,主要研究方向为材料连接技术;Email: 1136569171@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    张洪申,副教授;Email: hongshen@kust.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TG 457

Process parameters optimization of 5083 aluminum alloy FSW joint based on principal component analysis and grey correlation analysis

  • 摘要: 针对铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接工艺参数优化问题,对5083铝合金板材进行研究,开展其在不同搅拌摩擦焊工艺参数下的力学性能探索,运用主成分分析和灰色关联度分析法对试验结果进行探索,得出焊接接头最优工艺参数,并建立基于GRG的工艺参数二阶预测模型.结果表明,均值极差法得出最优工艺参数组合为转速1 400 r/min,焊接速度1 mm/s,下压量0.3 mm,接头抗拉强度最大达到225.5 MPa,达到了母材的95.4%,失效位移为10.6 mm. 在试验工艺参数范围内,影响接头抗拉强度的主要因素次序为下压量、焊接速度、转速;模型预测值与计算值无显著差异,回归模型与试验数据的吻合度好,说明预测模型可靠度高,此回归模型可作为其预测模型.
    Abstract: Aim at optimizing the friction stir welding (FSW) process parameters of aluminum alloy, 5083 aluminum alloy plate was selected as the research object in this study. The mechanical properties of 5083 aluminum alloy plate under different FSW process parameters were explored. Principal component analysis (PCA) and grey relational degree (GRG) analysis were employed to analyze the test results. The optimal process parameters were obtained, and a second-order prediction model of process parameters based on GRG was established. The results show that the optimal combination of process parameters is a rotation speed of 1400 r/min, welding speed of 1 mm/s and plunge depth of 0.3 mm. The maximum tensile strength of the joint reaches 225.5 MPa, 95.4% of the base metal, and the failure displacement is 10.6 mm. Among the tested process parameters, the main factors influencing the tensile strength of the joint are plunge depth of shoulder, welding speed and rotation speed in sequence. Besides, there is no significant difference between the predicted value of the model and the calculated value. The good agreement between the regression model and the experimental data indicates that the prediction model has high reliability. The regression model can be used as the prediction model.
  • 图  1   灰色关联度随因素水平变化趋势图

    Figure  1.   Trend of grey correlation degree with factor level

    图  2   载荷—位移曲线图

    Figure  2.   Load—displacement curve

    图  3   9组参数下接头的拉伸性能

    Figure  3.   Tensile properties of joints under 9 groups of parameters

    图  4   不同工艺参数下接头宏观断口形貌图

    Figure  4.   Macro fracture morphology of joint under different process parameters. (a) front; (b) back

    图  5   GRG的预测值与实际值分布图

    Figure  5.   Distribution of predicted and actual GRG values

    图  6   GRG预测模型残差图

    Figure  6.   Residual graph of GRG prediction model

    表  1   5083铝合金力学性能

    Table  1   Mechanical properties of 5083 aluminum alloy

    抗拉强度Rm /MPa断后伸长率A(%)
    ≥236≥12
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2   5083铝合金化学成分(质量分数,%)

    Table  2   Chemical compositions of 5083 aluminum alloy

    SiCuMgZnMnTiCrFe其他Al
    <0.4<0.14.0 ~ 4.9<0.250.4 ~ 1.0<0.150.05 ~ 0.25<0.40.15余量
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3   正交试验因素及水平

    Table  3   Orthogonal test factors and levels

    水平转速A(n)/
    (r·min−1)
    焊接速度B(v)/
    (mm·s−1)
    下压量C(H)/
    mm
    11 00010.20
    21 20020.25
    31 40030.30
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4   拉伸试验结果

    Table  4   Test result

    试验序号转速A(n)/(r·min−1)焊接速度B(v)/(mm·s−1)下压量C(H)/mm平均抗拉强度Rm/MPa能量吸收平均值S/J
    11 00010.2217.8142.3
    21 00020.25202.164.6
    31 00030.3215.2100.1
    41 20010.25219126.9
    51 20020.3221.8131.3
    61 20030.2208.863.9
    71 40010.3222.7122.7
    81 40020.2214.593.9
    91 40030.25211.4204.1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5   主成分计算结果

    Table  5   Calculation results of principal component

    成分特征值贡献率Wk(%)
    第一主成分1.15957.94
    第二主成分0.84142.06
    累积贡献率(%)100
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6   灰色关联度分析结果

    Table  6   Results of grey correlation analysis

    试验抗拉强度能量吸收值灰色关联度$ \alpha_{{\rm{G R G}}}$排序
    信噪比$y_i$$\delta_ i$信噪比$y_i$$\delta_ i$
    146.760.7730.68743.060.6890.6160.6575
    246.1100.33336.210.0090.3350.3339
    346.660.6550.59140.010.3870.4490.5316
    446.810.8330.74942.070.5910.550.6654
    546.920.9640.93242.370.620.5680.7782
    646.390.3330.42836.1100.3330.3888
    746.951141.780.5620.5330.8031
    846.630.6190.56739.450.3310.4270.5087
    946.500.4640.48246.20110.6993
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7   灰色关联度均值极差分析

    Table  7   Mean range analysis of grey correlation degree

    项目转速
    A(n)/(r·min−1)
    焊接速度
    B(v)/(mm·s−1)
    下压量
    C(H)/mm
    $ \gamma_ 1 $0.5070.7080.517
    $ \gamma _2 $0.610.540.565
    $ \gamma _3 $0.670.5390.704
    极差0.1630.1690.187
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  8   预测模型的方差分析结果

    Table  8   Variance analysis results of the prediction model

    参数自由度df平方和ss均方msF显著性
    回归平方和70.214 0660.030 5815.66
    残差平方和10.193 5750.064 525
    总和8
    标准差SD = 0.0734847R-Sq = 97.54%R-Sq(adj) = 80.32%
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-06-22
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-04-05
  • 刊出日期:  2023-05-24

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