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焊丝对T2紫铜/316L不锈钢GTAW接头组织及性能的影响

朱元皓, 吴宝生, 郭柏征, 李鹏, 董红刚

朱元皓, 吴宝生, 郭柏征, 李鹏, 董红刚. 焊丝对T2紫铜/316L不锈钢GTAW接头组织及性能的影响[J]. 焊接学报, 2021, 42(6): 13-21. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20210108003
引用本文: 朱元皓, 吴宝生, 郭柏征, 李鹏, 董红刚. 焊丝对T2紫铜/316L不锈钢GTAW接头组织及性能的影响[J]. 焊接学报, 2021, 42(6): 13-21. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20210108003
ZHU Yuanhao, WU Baosheng, GUO Baizheng, LI Peng, DONG Honggang. Effect of filler metals on microstructure and properties of T2 copper/316L stainless steel GTAW joint[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2021, 42(6): 13-21. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20210108003
Citation: ZHU Yuanhao, WU Baosheng, GUO Baizheng, LI Peng, DONG Honggang. Effect of filler metals on microstructure and properties of T2 copper/316L stainless steel GTAW joint[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2021, 42(6): 13-21. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20210108003

焊丝对T2紫铜/316L不锈钢GTAW接头组织及性能的影响

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51674060)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    朱元皓,硕士;主要研究方向为异种金属焊接;Email: dutzhuyh@163.com.

    通讯作者:

    董红刚,博士,教授;Email: donghg@dlut.edu.cn.

  • 中图分类号: TG 401

Effect of filler metals on microstructure and properties of T2 copper/316L stainless steel GTAW joint

  • 摘要: 采用钨极氩弧焊,分别填充纯铜焊丝和307Si焊丝对T2紫铜/316L不锈钢异种金属进行对接焊,探究焊丝对铜/不锈钢异种金属接头微观组织、力学性能和耐蚀性的影响. 结果表明,铁-铜液相分离对焊缝组织的形成起主导作用,但由于过冷度不同,填充两种焊丝制备焊缝的液相分离程度不同:铜焊丝制备焊缝中生成了初次液相分离富铁球,其内部又发生二次液相分离现象,生成富铜相;307Si焊丝制备焊缝中生成了初次液相分离富铜相,但富铜相并未呈现二次液相分离特征. 两种焊丝制备接头在拉伸试验中均断裂于铜侧热影响区,抗拉强度均超过铜母材强度的80%. 拉伸断口分布着韧窝和延伸区,呈现典型的韧性断裂特征. 腐蚀及电化学试验结果表明,与307Si焊丝制备接头相比,铜焊丝制备接头的腐蚀深度差更大,腐蚀电流密度更高,耐蚀性更差.
    Abstract: T2 copper/316L stainless steel dissimilar joints were produced by gas tungsten arc welding with Cu filler wire and 307Si filler wire, respectively. The effect of filler metals on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the joints was investigated. The microstructure of copper/steel weld was largely affected by liquid phase separation between iron and copper. When Cu filler wire was used, Fe-rich spherulites formed by Fe-Cu primary liquid phase separation distributed in the weld. Inside the Fe-rich spherulites, minority Cu-rich spheres formed by secondary liquid phase separation. However, when 307Si filler wire was used, the primary liquid phase separated Cu-rich spherulites showed no characteristic of secondary liquid phase separation. The tensile specimens achieved by both filler wires fractured at HAZ on the copper side, and the strength of each joints reached at least 80% of Cu base metal. Dimples and stretched zone were distributed on the fracture, showing the ductile fracture mode. Compared to the joint achieved by 307Si filler wire, the joint achieved by Cu filler had larger corrosion depth and corrosion current density, showing an inferior corrosion resistance.
  • 图  1   两种焊丝制备焊缝的宏观形貌

    Figure  1.   Macroscopic morphology of the joints achieved by two filler wire. (a) the joints by copper filler wire; (b) the joints section by copper filler wire; (c) the joints by 307Si filler wire; (d) the joints section by 307Si filler wire

    图  2   铜焊丝制备焊缝特征组织

    Figure  2.   Characteristic microstructure of the weld produced by Cu filler wire. (a) Fe-rich spherulite; (b) internal precipitate

    图  3   富铁球内析出相元素分布

    Figure  3.   Elemental distribution of precipitate in Fe-rich spherulite

    图  4   富铁球内不同形态的析出相

    Figure  4.   Various shapes of precipitates in Fe-rich spherulites. (a) nano-sized precipitates; (b) nano-sized and bulky precipitates; (c) nano-sized and coarsened bulky precipitates; (d) bulky precipitates

    图  5   铜焊丝制备焊缝中的富铁枝晶

    Figure  5.   Fe-rich dendrites in copper-based weld produced by copper filler wire

    图  6   307Si焊丝制备接头组织形貌

    Figure  6.   Morphology of joint produced by 307Si filler wire. (a) weld zone; (b) high-magnification image of orange box in Fig. 6a; (c) weld/316L interface; (d) high-magnification image of black box in Fig. 6c

    图  7   拉伸试验结果

    Figure  7.   Result of tensile test

    图  8   断口形貌及断裂路径

    Figure  8.   Fracture morphology and fracture path. (a) fracture morphology of the tensile specimen produced by copper filler wire; (b) high-magnification image of zone A Fig. 8a; (c) fracture path of the tensile specimen produced by 307Si filler wire

    图  9   铜焊丝制备焊缝腐蚀形貌

    Figure  9.   Corrosion morphology of weld zone produced by copper filler wire. (a) weld zone; (b) high-magnification image of black box in Fig. 9a; (c) Fe-rich dendrite; (d) Fe-rich spherulites

    图  10   307Si焊丝制备接头腐蚀形貌

    Figure  10.   Corrosion morphology of joint produced by 307Si filler wire. (a) weld zone; (b) high-magnification image of black box in Fig. 10a; (c) Cu/weld interface; (d) high-magnification image of black box in Fig. 10c

    图  11   浸泡腐蚀试验后焊缝的光学照片

    Figure  11.   Optical micrographs of weld after immersion corrosion test achieved by: (a) Cu filler; (b) relative depth of corrosion in weld produced by Cu filler; (c) 307Si filler; (d) relative depth of corrosion in weld produced by 307Si filler

    图  12   母材及各焊缝的极化曲线

    Figure  12.   Polarization curves of base metals and welds

    表  1   母材和焊丝的化学成分(质量分数,%)

    Table  1   Chemical composition of base materials and filler wires

    材料NiCrMoMnSi
    316L10.5617.502.071.060.43
    T2≤ 0.03
    Cu焊丝≤ 0.5≤ 0.5
    307Si焊丝8.7819.36.570.86
    材料PSSnFeCu
    316L≤ 0.03≤ 0.03余量0.05
    T2≤ 0.01≤ 0.01余量
    Cu焊丝≤ 1.0余量
    307Si焊丝0.0140.004余量
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2   焊接工艺参数

    Table  2   Welding experiment paraments

    焊丝焊接电流
    I/A
    送丝速度
    vg/(mm·s−1)
    行走速度
    vw/(mm·s−1)
    铜焊丝13061
    307Si焊丝
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3   富铁球EPMA定量分析结果

    Table  3   EPMA quantitative analysis results of Fe-rich spherulite

    位置元素含量 a(%)可能相
    FeCuCrNiMo
    A10.280.44.21.53.6富铁ε-Cu
    B48.72.026.02.420.9σ
    C66.15.618.93.95.4α-(Fe, Cr)
    D2.895.10.71.30.0ε-Cu
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4   307Si焊丝制备的焊缝中EPMA定量分析结果

    Table  4   EPMA quantitative analysis results in weld zone produced by 307Si filler wire

    位置元素含量 a(%)可能相
    FeCuCrNiMnSi
    A63.67.717.27.32.71.3γ-Fe
    B9.279.53.54.52.90.2ε-Cu
    C64.52.925.73.12.31.0α-(Fe, Cr)
    D67.52.523.04.61.31.1α-Fe
    E67.35.616.96.62.51.1γ-Fe
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5   母材及焊缝的极化曲线电化学参数

    Table  5   Electrochemical parameters simulated from the polarization curves of base metals and welds

    材料 腐蚀电位
    Ecorr/V
    腐蚀电流
    Icorr/(10−6 A·cm−2)
    T2 −0.214 14
    316L −0.170 48
    纯铜焊丝 −0.229 7.3
    307Si焊丝 −0.262 4.8
    下载: 导出CSV
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    其他类型引用(1)

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-01-07
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-08-16
  • 刊出日期:  2021-06-24

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