Refilling friction stir welding of 20 mm thick AA2219 and analysis of microstructure and mechanical properties
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摘要: 为了解决封闭环缝的焊接匙孔问题,研究了采用可回抽搅拌摩擦焊接进行匙孔消除的焊接工艺. 在厚板可回抽焊接过程中,搅拌针末端的瞬时空腔问题受体积效应影响将更为显著且更难控制. 研究了不同回抽焊接长度下20 mm中厚板2219铝合金可回抽焊接接头的内部质量、组织形貌和力学性能. 结果表明,在焊接速度100 mm/min、搅拌头转速400 r/min的参数组合下,回抽焊接区长度为200 ~ 500 mm时,可获得无内部缺陷的可回抽搅拌摩擦焊焊缝;回抽焊接区接头横截面上存在2个焊核,靠近焊缝上表面的焊核大小随着回抽过程不断减小;一次焊接、重复焊接和可回抽焊接接头的拉伸性能依次降低,且可回抽焊接接头的力学性能随着回抽距离的增长而有所提升;在实际工程应用中回抽距离500 mm为较优的参数选择.
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关键词:
- 2219 铝合金厚板 /
- 可回抽搅拌摩擦焊 /
- 回抽距离 /
- 微观组织 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: Refilling friction stir welding process was studied in order to solve the keyhole problem of friction stir welding (FSW) of the closed ring weld of rotate-structures. In the process of refilling welding of thick plates, the problem of the instantaneous cavity at the end of the tool pin would be more pronounced and more difficult to control due to the volume effect. In this paper, the internal quality, microstructure and mechanical properties of 2219 aluminum alloy welded joints of 20-mm-thick plates with different length of refilling field were studied. The results showed that retractable friction stir welds with no internal defects were obtained with the parameter of welding speed of 100 mm/min, rotation speed of 400 r/min and the length of the refilling field of 200 ~ 500 mm. Two weld nuggets were observed on the cross section of the joint of the welding zone, and the size of the nugget near the upper surface of the weld decreased with the refilling process. The tensile properties of the one-time welding, two-time welding and refilling welding joints decreased successively. In addition, the mechanical properties of refilling welding joints increased with the length of refilling region. The refilling distance of 500 mm would a proper parameter. -
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表 1 回抽焊接工艺参数
Table 1 Parameters of the refilling friction stir welding
试样编号 转速
n/(r·min−1)前进速度
v /(mm·min−1)回抽区长度
l/mm搅拌针回抽速度
vW/(mm·min−1)1号 400 100 200 10 2号 300 6.7 3号 400 5 4号 500 4 表 2 一次焊接、重复焊接和回抽焊接的接头力学性能对比
Table 2 Comparison of mechanical properties of the welding joints prepared by one-time welding, two-time welding and refilling welding
试样编号 抗拉强度
Rm/MPa断后伸长率
A(%)一次焊接
试样W1-1 330 6.5 W1-2 333 6.5 W1-3 334 6.5 W1-4 333 7 W1-5 330 6.5 W1-6 328 7 W1-7 332 7 W1-8 332 7 平均值 331.5 6.8 重复焊接
试样W2-1 316 6 W2-2 316 6 W2-3 318 6 W2-4 319 6.5 W2-5 316 5.5 W2-6 316 5.5 W2-7 315 5.5 平均值 316.6 5.9 回抽焊接
试样WR-1(未回抽) 317 5.5 WR-2(回抽50%) 310 5.5 WR-3(回抽完成) 326 6 平均值 307.3 5.5 表 3 不同回抽距离焊接接头的力学性能
Table 3 Testing results of mechanical properties of the welding joints prepared by different parameters
试样编号 抗拉强度Rm/MPa 断后伸长率A(%) 1-1 315 5 1-2 316 5.5 1-3 309 5 1-4 308 5.5 1-5 323 6 2-1 317 5.5 2-2 309 5 2-3 310 5.5 2-4 313 5.5 2-5 326 6 3-1 317 5.5 3-2 310 6 3-3 313 5 3-4 314 6 3-5 323 6.5 4-1 319 6.5 4-2 310 6 4-3 312 6 4-4 318 6 4-5 326 6.5 -
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