铝合金非熔化极直流正接氦弧焊氧化膜撕裂机理

付娟; 赵勇; 邹家生; 贾占君; 贺宇翔

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20201120001

铝合金非熔化极直流正接氦弧焊氧化膜撕裂机理

付娟^1,,
赵勇^1, ,,
邹家生¹,
贾占君²,
贺宇翔²

1.
江苏科技大学, 先进焊接技术省级重点实验室, 镇江, 212003
2.
空气化工产品(中国)投资有限公司, 上海, 201203

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0310400);江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2020449); 中国博士后科学基金第65批面上基金(2019M651759); 江苏省博士后科研资助计划项目(2021K533C).

详细信息

作者简介:
付娟，博士研究生；主要从事激光焊、电弧物理方面研究； Email：fujuan@just.edu.cn.

通讯作者:
赵勇，教授；Email：yongzhao418@just.edu.cn.

中图分类号: TG 444
计量
- 文章访问数: 355
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- PDF下载量: 30
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-19
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-22
- 刊出日期: 2021-12-24

Mechanism of the oxidation film tearing by DCEN-TIG helium welding of aluminum

1.
Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Welding Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China
2.
Air Products and Chemicals (Shanghai) Gases Company, Shanghai, 201203, China)

摘要

摘要: 采用高速摄影观察了不同气体流量下铝合金非熔化极直流正接氦弧焊焊接过程中电弧的形态及氧化膜撕裂过程. 观察测量结果表明，在试验参数范围内氦气流量的增加减弱了氧化膜的撕裂程度，但提升了焊缝深宽比及电弧能量效率. 氦弧焊阳极产热功率的提升削弱了氧化膜之间的化学键强度，产生了氧化膜撕裂现象. 在静力学平衡方程基础上推导得出了熔池液面与电极所在平面交线的微分方程，解释了熔池液面下凹程度随氦气流量增加而增加的原因，同时熔池中心指向熔池边缘表面张力也随气体流量增加而减小，两种因素共同作用使氧化膜撕裂程度随气体流量增加而减弱.
- 铝合金 /
- 氦弧焊 /
- 氧化膜撕裂 /
- 电弧能量效率 /
- 机理
Abstract: Oxidation film tearing under different helium flow during DCEN-TIG welding of aluminum was observed via high-speed photography. The results showed that helium flow reduced the oxidation film tearing, but it increased the deep-to-width ratio of the weld pool and arc energy efficiency. The enhanced power of the positive pole of helium welding weakened the chemical bond of the oxidation film and leaded to the tearing of oxidation film. Based on the static equilibrium equation, differential equation of the intersection line between the surface of molten pool and the electrode plane was derived, which explained that the depression of molten pool increased with the increase of helium flow, and the surface tension from the center to the edge of the molten pool also decreased with the increase of helium flow. Both factors work together to make the tearing degree of oxidation film decreased with the increase of helium flow.
- aluminum /
- helium welding /
- oxidation film tearing /
- arc energy efficiency /
- mechanism

HTML全文

图 1 不同气体流量下氦弧形态

Figure 1. Arc morphology under different helium flow. (a) 10 L/min; (b) 15 L/min; (c) 20 L/min

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图 2 不同氦气流量下氧化膜撕裂情况展示

Figure 2. Oxide film tearing under different helium flow. (a) 10 L/min; (b) 15 L/min; (c) 20 L/min

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图 3 不同气流量下焊缝横截面形貌

Figure 3. Weld morphology of cross section under different helium flow. (a) 10 L/min; (b) 15 L/min; (c) 20 L/min

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图 4 氦弧焊焊缝横截面测量结果

Figure 4. Measuring results of the weld

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表 1 母材化学成分及含量(质量分数，%)

Table 1 Chemical composition of base metal

Mg Mn Cr Cu Zn Fe Al

4.0 ~ 4.9 0.4 ~ 1.0 0.05 ~ 0.25 0 ~ 0.1 0 ~ 0.25 0 ~ 0.4 余量

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表 2 试验主要工艺参数

Table 2 Processing parameters of experiment

焊接速度v/(mm·min⁻¹) 钨针直径
d/mm 气体流量
Q/(L·min⁻¹) 针尖到工件
距离S/mm 焊接电流
I/A

300 3.0 10 ~ 20 3 180

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