Effects of MIG welding superposition on microstructure and property of 6A01-T5 FSW joint
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摘要: 研究了MIG焊叠加对6A01-T5铝合金FSW焊接头组织及性能的影响. 结果表明, MIG/FSW叠加焊缝熔合良好，叠加位置未出现气孔等缺陷，FSW焊核区及热影响区组织发生粗化，叠加位置附近微观组织出现明显改变；叠加区域硬度明显降低，尤其是FSW焊缝热力影响区和热影响区. FSW、中心叠加、前进侧热力影响区叠加和后退侧热力影响区叠加MIG焊接头的抗拉强度分别为219.8, 188.0, 195.4和191.4 MPa，MIG焊叠加降低了接头的抗拉强度，断口均表现韧性断裂特征；FSW焊接头及带有MIG叠加焊缝余高的三种接头中值疲劳强度分别为76.7, 65.0, 67.5和65.0 MPa，MIG焊叠加也使FSW接头的疲劳性能有所下降.Abstract: Effects of MIG welding superposition on microstructure and property of 6A01-T5 FSW joint was researched in this work. The results indicated that the MIG/FSW joints formed well without porosity defects near the superposition. The microstructure of the FSW weld nugget and heat affected zone became coarse and which near the superposition was changed obviously. The hardness value of the superposition was reduced significantly, especially for FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone and heat affected zone. The tensile strengths of the FSW joint, MIG superposition on the FSW weld center, MIG superposition on the FSW advancing side thermo-mechanically affected zone, and MIG superposition on the FSW retreating side thermo-mechanically affected zone were 219.8 MPa, 188.0 MPa, 195.4 MPa and 191.4 MPa, respectively. MIG superposition reduced the FSW joint tensile strength, and the fracture appearance of all joints belonged to ductile fracture. The median fatigue strengths of above the FSW joint and three joints with MIG weld reinforcement were 76.7 MPa, 65.0 MPa, 67.5 MPa and 65.0 MPa respectively. The MIG superposition was also reduced the fatigue properties of the FSW joints.
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Keywords:
- Aluminum alloy /
- Frication stir welding /
- Superposition welding /
- Mechanical property /
- MIG welding
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图 1 FSW焊缝开坡口位置及叠加MIG焊位置示意图(mm)
Figure 1. Schematic diagrams of the groove and MIG welding superposition of the FSW Friction stir weld. (a) at FSW center; (b) at advancing side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone; (c) at retreating side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone
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图 2 拉伸及疲劳试样尺寸示意图(mm)(板厚: 3.8 mm)
Figure 2. Dimension diagrams of the tensile and fatigue samples (mm) (thickness: 3.8 mm). (a) tensile specimen size; (b) fatigue specimen size
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图 3 FSW焊接头宏观形貌及微观组织特征
Figure 3. Macro-morphology and micro-structure characteristics of the FSW joint. (a) macroscopic morphology of the joint; (b) weld nugget zone (A zone); (c) advancing side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone (B zone); (d) retreating side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone (C zone); (e) heat affected zone (D zone)
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图 4 FSW焊缝中心叠加MIG焊接头宏观形貌及微观组织特征
Figure 4. Macro-morphology and micro-structure characteristics of the MIG/FSW joint with the superposition at the FSW weld center. (a) macroscopic morphology of the joint; (b) weld nugget zone (A zone); (c) advancing side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone (B zone); (d) retreating side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone (C zone); (e) heat affected zone (D zone)
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图 5 FSW焊缝前进侧热力影响区叠加MIG焊接头宏观形貌及微观组织特征
Figure 5. Macro-morphology and micro-structure characteristics of the MIG/FSW joint with the superposition at the FSW TMAZ (AS) . (a) macroscopic morphology of the joint; (b) weld nugget zone (A zone); (c) MIG fusion line zone near the FSW weld nugget (B zone); (d) advancing side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone (C zone); (e) heat affected zone (D zone); (f) retreating side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone (E zone); (g) MIG fusion line zone near base material (F zone)
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图 6 FSW焊缝后退侧热力影响区叠加MIG焊接头宏观形貌及微观组织特征
Figure 6. Macro-morphology and micro-structure characteristics of the MIG/FSW joint with the superposition at the FSW TMAZ (RS) . (a) macroscopic morphology of the joint; (b) weld nugget zone (A zone); (c) MIG fusion line zone near the FSW weld seam (B zone); (d) advancing side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone (C zone); (e) heat affected zone (D zone); (f) MIG fusion line zone near the FSW weld seam (E zone); (g) MIG fusion line zone near base material (F zone)
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图 7 FSW及MIG/FSW叠加焊接头的硬度分布
Figure 7. Microhardness profiles of the FSW and MIG/FSW joints. (a) FSW joint; (b) MIG weld superposed at the FSW center; (c) MIG weld superposed at advancing side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone; (d) MIG weld superposed at retreating side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone
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图 8 FSW及MIG/FSW叠加焊接头的拉伸试验结果
Figure 8. Tensile test results of the FSW and MIG/FSW joints
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图 9 FSW及MIG/FSW叠加焊接头的断裂位置及断口特征
Figure 9. Fracture locations and fracture characteristics of the FSW and MIG/FSW joints. (a) FSW joint; (b) MIG weld superposed at the FSW center; (c) MIG weld superposed at advancing side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone; (d) MIG weld superposed at retreating side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone
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图 10 FSW及MIG/FSW叠加焊接头疲劳S-N曲线
Figure 10. Fatigue S-N curves of the FSW and MIG/FSW joints
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图 11 FSW及MIG/FSW叠加焊接头疲劳断裂位置
Figure 11. Fatigue rupture locations of the FSW and MIG/FSW joints. (a) FSW joint; (b) MIG weld superposed at the FSW center; (c) MIG weld superposed at advancing side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone; (d) MIG weld superposed at retreating side of FSW thermo-mechanically affected zone
表 1 试验母材与填充焊丝化学成分(质量分数，%)
Table 1 Chemical compositions of base metal and filler wire (mass fraction, %)
材料 Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti Al 6A01-T5 0.60 0.25 0.20 0.40 0.68 0.20 0.10 0.08 余量 ER5356 0.10 0.40 0.10 0.15 4.80 0.10 0.10 0.13 余量 
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表 2 S-N曲线参数及疲劳强度
Table 2 Parameters of S-N curves and the fatigue strength
接头组别 m C 疲劳强度 $\Delta {\sigma _0}/{\rm{MPa}}$ 拟合值 试验值 FSW 17.66 1.86 × 1040 76.5 76.7 FSW中心 + MIG 10.21 2.45 × 1025 63.4 65.0 FSW前进侧 + MIG 10.86 4.66 × 1026 64.9 67.5 FSW后退侧 + MIG 9.99 1.64 × 1025 66.5 65.0
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