激光-微束等离子弧复合焊接过程的结构负载声发射信号表征
Process characterization of laser beam+micro-plasma arc hybrid welding based on structure-borne acoustic emission signals detected in welding
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摘要: 采用脉冲YAG激光焊、微束等离子弧焊和激光-微束等离子弧复合焊对304不锈钢进行焊接试验，实时采集焊接过程中的结构负载声发射信号，研究声发射信号对焊接过程的表征. 结果表明，激光离焦量为-2 mm的激光-微束等离子弧复合焊接，热源复合效果更好，焊缝表现出更显著的复合热源焊接特征. 焊缝获得了更好的表面成形和熔深、熔宽. 热源复合效果更好的焊接过程，其声发射信号波形表现出更大振幅，且更为均匀，并与激光热源的周期性相符，呈现出明显的复合热源焊接周期性. 因此可以利用焊接过程检测到的结构负载声发射信号表征激光和微束等离子弧两种热源复合效果特征.
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关键词:
- 激光-微束等离子弧复合焊 /
- 声发射信号 /
- 焊缝成形
Abstract: Pulse YAG laser welding, micro-plasma arc welding and laser+micro-plasma arc hybrid welding were used to weld 304 stainless steel. The structure-borne acoustic emission (AE) signals during welding were detected in real-time to characterize the process of welding. The result showed that the welding effect of laser+micro-plasma arc hybrid welding was better as the defocusing distance was -2 mm. At the same time, the weld appearance showed typical characteristics of hybrid heat source welding. Better weld surface appearance, penetration and width were obtained. As the effect of hybrid heat source welding process was better, the amplitude of AE signals was larger, more uniform and consistent with the cycle of laser-beam heat source, which showed an obvious periodicity of hybrid heat source welding. Consequently, the structure-borne acoustic emission signals detected in welding process was possible to be used to characterize the process of laser+micro-plasma arc hybrid welding. -
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