铝合金焊缝疲劳开裂的原位同步辐射X射线成像
Study on fatigue cracking of welded aluminum alloys via in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray microtomography
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摘要: 基于第三代高精度同步辐射X射线三维成像技术,开展表面经抛光的铝合金光纤激光-脉冲电弧复合焊接头疲劳裂纹萌生和扩展的原位可视化研究. 结果表明,疲劳裂纹均优先从样品(亚或次)表面或角(亚)表面上的焊接气孔处萌生和扩展,并呈现典型的I型表面半椭圆或四分之一椭圆(或圆形)裂纹形貌. 一旦裂纹萌生,裂纹在表面的扩展速率低于内部,且存在局部加速和停滞现象,萌生源的特征长度越大,则裂纹萌生和扩展寿命越短,裂纹形貌为高度非线性的空间特征. 此外基于经典Newman表面半椭圆形裂纹形貌预测结果与试验基本一致.Abstract: Hybrid fiber laser and pulsed arc welded aluminum alloys via sound polishing were prepared and then three dimensional in situ fatigue imaging of welded joints was conducted by the high resolution synchrotron radiation X-ray computed microtomography (SR-μCT). Experimental results show that fatigue cracks are frequently initiated and propagated from the broken pores at the surface or sub-surface of hybrid welds, presenting a typical I mode semi-elliptical and quarter ellipse or circle profile. It is also found that the inner fatigue crack growth is faster than the surface crack with significant local acceleration and arrest behaviors together with highly nonlinear spatial propagation. Moreover, the longer the characteristic length of initial crack, the shorter the fatigue life of hybrid welds. Besides, there is a good agreement between the prediction of fatigue crack morphology based on Newman method and experimental results.