单电源交流双钨极氩弧焊接铝合金工艺机理分析
Analysis of single supply AC twin-electrode GTAW process mechanism of aluminum alloy
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摘要: 以6061铝合金为研究对象,进行单电源交流双钨极氩弧焊接工艺试验.采用金相显微镜、CCD摄像头、电流检测系统对焊接接头的组织、电弧形态以及电流变化过程进行观察与检测分析.结果表明,大电流下双钨极可获得均匀美观的铝合金焊缝成形,但钨极串行优于钨极并行.电弧电流检测显示焊接过程中流经两个TIG焊枪的电流大小呈现非均匀分配形式,单电源单钨极电流密度沿着焊接方向呈现单峰分布而双钨极非单峰分布.在电弧作用区域双钨极耦合电弧的电流密度值要小于单钨极.另外双钨极能扩展耦合电弧的弧根,增加熔池受热面积,在保证焊缝成形的同时提高焊接效率.Abstract: Single supply AC twin-electrode GTAW experiments of 6061 aluminum alloy were carried out. The microstructures of aluminum alloy joint were analyzed by optical microscopy, while the arc static characteristics and current change in welding process were investigated by CCD camera and current detection system. The results showed that acceptable joints without obvious defects are obtained with double tungsten electrodes under high current condition, but the tandem tungsten electrodes are better than parallel arranging of in welding process. The current detection results showed that the total current is assigned randomly by two GTAW torchs, and current density of single tungsten electrode presents unimodal distribution along welding direction, while double tungsten electrodes has the current density with double peak. In arc region, current density of coupling arc is less than that of single arc. Double tungsten electrodes not only expand the root of the coupling arc, but also increase the heating area of molten pool.
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