Abstract: In order to study the wear resistant composite material with high Vanadium content, Fe-Cr-V-C alloy system was designed with plasma arc surfacing. The mechanical properties of surfacing overlays were examined with Rockwell hardometer and wear testing machine respectively. The phase composition, shape and distribution of microstructure have been researched by XRD, OM and SEM. The results showd that the mechanical properties of the surfacing overlay improved with the increasing of vanadium content. When the vanadium content was up to 26.2 percent, the mechanical properties of surfacing overlay obtained optimum value, the hardness was 64.9 HRC and the wear loss was 0.0784 g. The numbers of vanadium carbide increased with the increasing of vanadium content. vanadium carbide particles diffused in the martensite matrix and formed wear resistant structure with(Fe, Cr, V)₇C₃ which distributed along grain boundaries. In a word, the property of wear resistance of surfacing overlay is very good.