Al-Mg合金的激光焊接接头组织及力学性能分析
Analysis of microstruc ture and mechanics performance of laser butt-weld for Al-Mg alloy
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摘要: 针对铝合金对激光的高反射率和自身的高导热性,焊接匙孔极不稳定等特点,利用3 kW的CO2激光器对Al-Mg系合金5083进行了激光焊接试验研究,分析了激光功率、焊接速度对焊缝表面质量的影响,研究了焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能.同时,为进一步检验焊缝的质量对激光焊接后的板材进行了高温自由胀形试验.结果表明,对焊接板材表面进行较好的化学处理,并采用适当的激光功率和焊接速度,可以得到质量较好的焊接表面;焊接接头的组织明显表现出热影响区、熔合区和焊缝中心区三部分;焊接接头显微硬度略低于母材;焊接试样进行高温拉伸时,破坏位置出现在母材一侧,焊缝强度较高;激光焊接后板材在500℃自由胀形时得到的胀形件的相对胀形高度达0.59,充分说明了铝合金的焊缝具有良好的成形性.Abstract: The laser butt-weld of fine-grained 5083 Al alloy sheets without filler is investigated with 3 kW CO2 laser in this paper.The influence of laser power,welding speed on the surface quality of weld is analyzed.The microstructure,mechanical properties and high temperature forming properties of welded joint are further studied.The experimental results show that the welding surface with high quality is obtained under appropriate laser power and welding speed.The profile of microhardness traverse across the weld exhibits like W shape and the heat affected zone(HAZ) has serious softening.The results of high temperature tension show that the tensile strength of welded joint is greater than the base metal,which is the side of fractures.Optimal relative height of 0.59 of the free bulging sample is obtained at 500℃.This result shows that laser butt-welding sheets of fine-grained 5083 Al alloy possess good high temperature formability.