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超窄间隙焊剂带约束电弧电压及电流波形特征

Characteristics of voltage and current waveforms of constricted arc with flux strips in ultra-narrow gap

  • 摘要: 为认清焊剂带约束电弧在超窄间隙中的作用,在放置焊剂带的I形坡口中进行熔化极电弧焊接试验.试验发现,坡口侧壁根部焊剂带裸露高度,控制着坡口侧壁的熔化高度;当裸露高度很小时,电弧的作用范围主要集中在坡口的底部,短路结束燃弧开始时弧长较长,在电压波形上表现为初始燃弧电压高,随后快速降低;电流波形反映出较高的短路电流峰值.结果表明,随裸露高度的增加,电弧作用范围从坡口底部向侧壁扩张,电弧长度缩短,瞬时燃弧电压降低,燃弧后电压下降速度变慢,甚至不再下降;同时反映出短路频率提高,短路电流峰值减小,瞬时短路出现几率增加.

     

    Abstract: For understanding the behavior of constricted arc with flux strip in ultra-narrow gap,metal arc welding tests were carried out on I groove deposited with the flux strips.Results show that the height of lower sidewalls uncovered by flux strips controls the height of sidewalls melted by arc.When the height of lower sidewalls uncovered by flux strips is very small,the arc only heats the bottom of the groove,and the arc length is longer while short circuit ends and the arc reignites.Therefore,the voltage is higher as arc reignites,and then rapidly decreases,meanwhile the current peak of short circuit is larger.When the height of lower sidewalls uncovered by flux strips increases,the heating range of the arc expends from the bottom of the groove to its sidewalls,and the arc length is shorter as the arc reignites.Therefore,the voltage is lower as arc reignites,and then slowly decreases,even doesn't decrease.At the same time,the frequency of short circuit increases,the current peak of short circuit lowers,and the probability of instantaneous short current increases.

     

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