夹送辊堆焊裂纹及其产生机理
Mechanism of cracks generation in hardfacing pinch roll
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摘要: 堆焊修复夹送辊因材料选用不当或材料纯度不高,即使堆焊工艺及热工艺处理得当也常出现热裂纹.通过模拟堆焊夹送辊,找到热裂纹裂纹源,光学显微镜和扫描电镜观测裂纹表面和冲断面.结果表明,网状环向分布的裂纹是由主裂纹和围绕在主裂纹附近的微裂纹组成;主裂纹内碳、硫、氧含量较高,它们相互作用,相互促进,形成数量众多的低熔点共晶体;同时这些杂质易于富集盖面层表面的晶界或晶枝之间,使结晶裂纹易于产生和扩展.而微裂纹内含有大量的氧化物,氧化物的偏析和聚集是形成微裂纹的原因.Abstract: Hot cracks formed in pinch roll frequently after repaired by hardfacing because the material was chosen improperly and low purity. This happened even if the hardfacing technique and the heat treatment are suitable. After repairing the simulated pinch roll by hardfacing, hot cracks were found and analyzed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results show that the net cracks composed of main cracks and micro cracks near the main cracks. High content of carbon, sulfur and oxygen were detected in the main cracks. A lot of low-melting eutectics formed because of these elements interaction. Meanwhile these impurities concentrated on the grain boundary or between dendrites, so that the solidification cracks formed and extended. A great number of oxides existed in micro cracks and their segregation and aggregation resulted in micro cracks.