搅拌摩擦焊接过程的试验测量及分析
Measurement and analysis of friction stir welding process
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摘要: 通过设计一系列搅拌摩擦焊接试验,详细测量和分析焊接温度场分布、搅拌头机械载荷、残余应力和残余变形.试验发现,搅拌摩擦焊的温度测量结果的准确性取决于采样频率和热电偶的定位方法;搅拌头的机械载荷主要表现为下压力和扭矩,它们在准稳态焊接的条件下会保持稳定,但取值随焊接参数的变化而发生相应变化;焊接残余应力的主要成分是纵向应力,焊缝区域内呈现较高水平的拉应力,分布呈不对称的双峰特征;薄板的焊接变形具有马鞍形和反马鞍形两种形态,且变形程度受到薄板尺寸、旋转频率和焊接速度的影响.Abstract: A series of friction stir welding (FSW) experiments were designed to measure and investigate the welding temperature field, mechanical loads of stir tool, residual stress and residual distortion. The measurements show that the accuracy of temperature data will be influenced by sampling frequency and the method of thermocouple set-up. The mechanical loads of stir tool mainly appear as down force and torque, which keep as constant during the period of quasi-steady welding, but their values depend on welding parameters. The main residual stress of FSW joint displays as longitudinal tensile stress, which distributes in welding zone and has a character of asymmetric double hump. The residual distortion of sheet after FSW has two opposite pattern of saddle state and anti-saddle state, and the distortion magnitude influenced by sheet dimension, rotation speed and welding speed.
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Keywords:
- friction stir welding /
- temperature field /
- mechanical loads /
- residual stress /
- residual distortion
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