激光预扫描技术在曲焊缝跟踪中的应用
Application of pre-scanning technology with laser to seamcurved tracking
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摘要: 传统焊缝跟踪中的结构光技术在跟踪变曲率曲线时存在很大的导前误差,为此提出一种双线预扫描结构光技术。焊接前按照机器人轨迹规划路线预扫描,扫描时在焊枪枪尖下方增加一条激光线,用于指示导前误差并按时间序列记录下来,再在正式焊接时消除。建立了这项技术的焊缝跟踪系统和跟踪运动模型。提出了图像处理体系,综合运用中值滤波、阈值变换、细化变换与分段直线拟合等多种图像处理技术,准确地定位焊缝中心。结果表明,该技术结合焊缝图像处理体系具有很强的抗干扰能力,误差小、处理速度快,能满足实时跟踪要求。Abstract: The structured-light technology of traditional seam tracking makes front guiding error great if the curvature is varying. To solve the problem, a structured-light pre-scanning technology with double lines is produced.The seam is scanned before welding along the planned track of the robot.A laser line is added under the welding torch tip to indicate the front guiding error that will be recorded on time sequence and be eliminated when welding.A seam tracking system and its mathematical model are established.An image processing system is advanced, which the integrations of image processing technologies including median filtering, threshold transforming, thinness transforming and subsection beeline fitting locate the seam middle exactly.Tests show that the technology combined with the image processing system has the characteristics of strong anti-jamming, little error and fast processing speed, and it can meet the request of real time tracking.