国产厚板大功率激光填丝焊Y形焊缝的焊接工艺性
Technological effect on bead characteristics of homemade thick plate welded by high power laser with filler wire
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摘要: 大功率激光的高功率密度特征使其成为船用大厚度材料高效焊接最有前景的方法之一。试验完成了10 mm和12 mm国产船用材料高功率CO2激光填丝焊的工艺设计,分析了焊接过程的光致等离子体行为。结果表明,当功率在13 kW以上时随着焊缝熔深的增加斜率明显变缓;对于焊透的焊缝,仅仅用熔宽和熔深不能充分表征焊接参数对焊缝截面的影响;试验建立了激光填丝焊Y形焊缝形态模型,将Y形焊缝抽象成上半部分为梯形,下半部分为长方形的组合图形;在激光功率和焊接速度保持不变的条件下,研究了送丝速度和焊缝间隙变化时焊缝截面形态的变化规律。Abstract: The high power density of laser makes laser welding process become one of the most promising and efficient welding method.The high power laser welding with filler wire of 10 mm and 12 mm thick plates was studied, and the plasma behavior was analyzed as well.The results showed when the laser power is over 13 kW, the penetration curve becomes gentler and the gradient declines obviously.However, in regard to the fully-penetrated seam, it could not fully demonstrate the effects of the welding parameters on the cross-section only with width and penetrations of the weld bead.The cross-section of fully-penetrated bead appears to be a Y shape.And this kind of Y shape is further designed to be a combination with an inverted trapezoid on the top and a rectangle below.In this way, wire feeding rate and gap are varied in order to study their effects on the Y shape bead dimensions while laser power and welding speed keeping constant.In addition, the influence of plasma of the protective gas was studied.
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