结构钢焊缝金属在低温和动载条件下的脆断本质
Intergranular fracture of weld metal of structure steel in a ship structure at lower temperature and higher loading rate
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摘要: 研究了结构钢焊缝金属在低温和高加载速率条件下的断裂韧度与断口形貌变化规律,讨论了沿晶脆性断裂的本质。研究指出,降低温度和提高加载速率都导致断裂韧度降低和沿晶脆性断裂倾向增加,表现出一定的低温效应和高加载速率效应,降低试验温度和提高加载速率的作用是相互促进的。焊缝金属沿晶脆性断裂是特定的材料因素、结构因素和环境因素共同作用的结果,沿晶脆性断裂倾向决定于晶界协调相邻晶粒塑性变形的能力,在晶界不足以协调其两侧晶粒的变形时便出现沿晶断裂。Abstract: Effect of lower temperature and high loading rate on the fracture behaviors of weld metal was studied.The results indicated that the fracture toughness reduces and the tendency to intergranular fracture increases with both reducing temperature and raising loading rate, which shows the low temperature effect and high loading rate effect and both of them promot each other.Intergranular fracture results from the inter action of metallurgical, structural and environmental factors.The tendency to intergranular fracture depended on the ability of grain boundary to suit with plastic deformation of adjacent grains.The intergranular brittle fracture will occur if the grain boundary can not suit with the plastic deformation.