摄像机标定中亚像素级角点检测算法
Sub-pixels corner detection for camera calibration
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摘要: 针对摄像机标定模板图像的角点检测问题,提出了两种简便而有效的亚像素级精度的提取算法。先用传统的Harris算子检测出像素级的角点坐标,然后再求取亚像素级角点坐标。一种方法是用二次多项式去逼近周围3×3领域内的角点反应函数,用线性解法求得亚像素级角点坐标;另一种方法是从亚像素角点到周围像素点的矢量应垂直于图像的灰度梯度这个观察事实得到的,通过最小化误差函数的迭代方法来获得亚像素级精度的坐标值。文中提出的亚像素级角点检测方法定位精度高,摄像机标定试验中,得到的重投影平均偏差小于0.15个像素。Abstract: Two simple and efficient algorithms of sub-pixel corner detection for camera calibration dy using plane pattern were presented.The pixel level corners were detected by classical Harris corner detector,and then some methods were used to get sub-pixel accuracy.In one algorithm,the subpixel location was achieved through a quadratic approximation of the 3×3 neighborhood of the local maxima of the corner response function,and a closed form solution developed to the problem.In the other algorithm,the sub-pixel accurate corner locator was obtained from the observation that any vector from true corner location to its neighborhood is orthogonal to the image gradient.So the sub-pixel location was calculated iteratively by minimizing an error function.The result of the camera calibration shows that high precision can be acquired by using the sub-pixel algorithms and the mean reprojection error is below 0.15 pixels.