镍基高温耐磨无渣堆焊焊条及其热处理工艺
Nickel-based high temperature wear-resistant non-slag hardfacing electrode and its heat treatment process
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摘要: 针对镍基合金具有优良的高温综合性能,且目前市场上几乎没有这类手工电弧堆焊材料等实际情况,研制开发了一种抗高温耐磨损的镍基无渣堆焊焊条。该焊条具有焊接烟尘小,烟尘中含对人体有害气体极少;焊后焊道上几乎没有熔渣,连续多层焊无需敲渣;价格便宜(与钴基合金相比),高温(650℃左右)性能优良等特点。此外,该焊条由于熔敷金属中含合金元素量较一般堆焊焊条的熔敷金属多,成分复杂,焊后焊缝中存在的内应力较大,且焊缝在快速冷却条件下产生的组织不稳定,从而影响到熔敷金属的综合性能。为了能更好地推广和更合理地应用这种高温无渣耐磨堆焊焊条,对其熔敷金属的热处理工艺也进行了初步探讨。Abstract: A kind of nickel-base non-slag hardfacing electrode with thermal wear resistance was investigated.The electrode has little weld fume during welding,and the weld fume does little harm to workers' health.Since there is no slag on the bead after welding,it can weld successively with multi-pass and needn't remove slag.In addition,its price is much cheaper than that of the cobalt-base hardfacing electrode,and the properties at high temperature(at 650℃) are excellent.Due to the electrode has more elements than those in other normal hardfacing electrode,the weld metal components are more complicated,the residual stress after welding is higher,and the weld metal structure is not stable with the high speed cooling after welding,which affect general propertres of the weld metal.In order to use the electrode more suitably and widely,the heat-treat process of weld metal was also discussed.