等离子弧粉末堆焊过程中粉末颗粒的输运行为
Theoretical Evaluation of Powders Transportation Process in Plasma Transferred-arc Space
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摘要: 利用电弧物理和流体力学理论分析了等离子弧粉末堆焊过程中粉末材料在转移型等离子弧中的输运行为及其主要影响因素,并以铁基合金粉末和碳化硼粉末为例,具体计算了不同特征的粉末在不同堆焊参数下的弧柱中的输运速度分布及沿弧柱横截面上的粉通量分布。计算结果表明,堆焊粉末颗粒在等离子弧空间的流动速度要比等离子流速低得多;对于同一种粉末材料来说,粒径越小,其在等离子弧柱中越容易被加速,在弧柱中的平均流速也越大;粉末的质量密度对其流速的影响与粒径颇为相似,密度越小,粉末在弧柱中的加速度和平均速度就越大。理论计算结果还表明,在电流大于150 A的转移型等离子弧柱中,粉末颗粒的轴向输运速度在弧横截面上呈"山峦形分布",电流越大,中心山谷就越深越大。Abstract: The powders transportation in the plasma arc space during the plasma transferred-are powder surfacing process is theoretical evaluated. The axial accelerating process and radial distribution of axial traveling velocity for various particles along are column section are described. According to the theoretical evaluated results, it is found that the powders axial traveling velocity presents "valley-shape distribution" along plasma are column traverse section when surfacing currents is greater than 150 A. We greater surfacing current is, the deeper and greater,"valley" will be. The theoretical evaluated results also reveal that the particles,accelerating the in the plasma fluid is inversely to its mass density and size. Consequently, for the same powder, the particles with smaller sizes are travelling faster than there with greater sizes. Similar to this, the powders with lee mass density are also transported faster than the powders having a greater mass density.