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王者昌. 关于焊接残余应力消除原理的探讨[J]. 焊接学报, 2000, (2): 55-58.
引用本文: 王者昌. 关于焊接残余应力消除原理的探讨[J]. 焊接学报, 2000, (2): 55-58.
WANG Zhe-chang. Discuss on Principle of Relieving Welding Residual Stress[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2000, (2): 55-58.
Citation: WANG Zhe-chang. Discuss on Principle of Relieving Welding Residual Stress[J]. TRANSACTIONS OF THE CHINA WELDING INSTITUTION, 2000, (2): 55-58.

关于焊接残余应力消除原理的探讨

Discuss on Principle of Relieving Welding Residual Stress

  • 摘要: 介绍了机械拉伸法、温差拉伸法、滚压法和低应力无变形焊接技术消除应力原理的传统观点,认为焊接时焊缝产生压缩塑性变形,消除应力的原理在于用拉伸塑性变形抵消、补偿压缩塑性变形。本文提出新的应力应变发展过程,指出焊缝不存在压缩塑性变形,一直受拉伸,熔合线附近处于脆性温度时承受较大的纵向拉伸应变,随着远离熔合线,应变值陡降。焊缝消除应力的原理在于用塑性应变减少甚至抵消弹性应变,在一般情况下是用拉伸塑性应变减少甚至抵消拉伸弹性应变。本文还阐述了各种消除应力工艺的原理并很好地解释了横向液化裂纹分布在熔合线附近和裂纹很短的现象。

     

    Abstract: According to traditional viewpoint, for the mechanical stress relieving method, the low temperature stress relieving method, the rolling stress relieving method and Low-Stress Non-Distortion Welding Technology, the residual stress relieving principle is to compensate the compressive plastic strain in the weld with tensile plastic strain which is produced in the welding process. In this paper, a new stress and strain developing process is given. The weld metal always bears tensile stress and there is no compressive plastic strain being produced in the welding process. In the brittle temperature zone, the maximum tensile stress appears in the fusing line and it decreases sharply far from the fusing line. The stress-relief principle is to reduce or eliminate elastic strain with plastic strain. In general case, the principle is to reduce or eliminate the original tensile elastic strain with tensile plastic strain. In this paper, the principle of all kinds of residual stress relieving methods is also discussed.It also is satisfactorily interpreted why the transverse liquation crack appears in the adjacency to fusing line and it is very short.

     

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