GTAW神经网络-模糊控制技术的研究
Study on the Technique of Neural Network and Fuzzy Control for GTAW
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摘要: 研究神经网络与模糊控制融合技术,构成钨极气体保护电弧焊GTAW神经网络-模糊控制系统。重点论述神经网络和模糊逻辑在熔深建模和控制以及焊缝跟踪方面的应用。通过视觉传感器CCD获取电弧区图像和熔池表面形状,建立一种描述熔深的神经网络模型,根据焊接电流、熔宽和焊缝间隙量来精确估算熔深,同时结合模糊逻辑提高熔深的控制精度。针对弧焊过程非线性以及焊炬伺服系统动态过程难以用精确数学模型来表达的问题,设计焊缝跟踪自调整模糊控制器,通过自适应共振理论模型算法检测焊缝位置并根据跟踪偏差在线调整控制参数,从而提高焊缝跟踪精度。试验结果表明,所设计的系统具有良好的控制特性,为实现GTAW过程智能化提供了一条有效的途径。Abstract: An intelligent system including both neural network and fuzzy controller for the gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW) was presented in this paper.The discussion was mainly focused on the application of neural network and fuzzy logic in modeling and controlling the penetration depth as well as the seam tracking.A visual sensor CCD was used to obtain the image of the molten pool.A neural network model was established to estimate the penetration depth based on the welding current,pool width and seam gap.Also,the fuzzy logic technique was combined to promote the control accuracy of penetration depth.It was demonstrated that the proposed neural network could produce highly complex nonlinear multi-variable model of the GTAW process and thus it offered the accurate prediction of welding penetration depth.It was difficult to obtain the accurate models of the actuators,in that the torch drivers were extremely complex systems which had highly nonlinearity.In order to resolve this problem,a self-adjusting fuzzy controller to control the torch motion was proposed,which was used for seam tracking.The self-organizing artificial neural network algorithm was used to detect the weld position.The control parameters were adjusted on-line automatically according to the tracking errors so that the tracking errors could be decreased sharply.The experimental results showed that the proposed system yielded conspicuously controlling performance and provided an efficient approach to realize the intelligence of GTAW process.