铜基钎料高温钎焊不锈钢晶间贯穿机理的研究
A STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF GRAIN BOUNDARY PENETRATION OF COPPER BASE FILLER METAL IN HIGH TEMPERATURE BRAZING FOR STAINLESS STEEL
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摘要: 本文阐述了铜基钎料钎焊1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢时晶间贯穿的特点。区分了铜基钎科和含硼钎料在贯穿形态和贯穿机理上的本质差异,发现铜基钎料的晶间贯穿与其润湿铺展有联系,并通过紫铜和铜锰钴钎料在不锈钢表面的润湿铺展研究证明,铜基钎料的润湿铺展具有三维空间的模型。富锕的Cu-Mn液相沿基体金属二维钎焊表面晶界沟槽润湿铺展的同时,也沿基体金属内部晶界润湿,从而造成晶间贯穿。通常铜基钎料的晶间贯穿不形成脆性相,因而不会恶化接头性能,但若钎焊过程存在拉应力,则可能产生沿晶断裂破坏。Abstract: The characteratics of grain boundary pcnclration in 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel brazed with copper base filler metals are explained in this paper. The form and mechanism of the grain boundary penetration of copper base filler metal, being related to their wetting-spreading property are different in nature from those of boric filler metals. The said wetting-spreading of copper base filler metals is of a three-dimensional space model as confirmed by a study of Cu and CuMnCo filler metals on the surface of stainless steel. A copper-rich liquid Cu-Mn which wets and spreads along the grain boundary groove on the two-dimension surface of a base metal penetrates simultaneously the internal grain boundary as well. In general, the grain boundary penetration of copper base filler metals will not cause brittle phase and will not weaken the joint. However,it is possible that the grain boundary penetration may result in grain boundary mbritlment if stress exists during brazing.