铜-锰-锌-硅钎料的研制
NEW Cu-Mn-Zn-Si BRAZING ALLOY
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摘要: 本文创建了瞬时定态新方法。首次测出焊接熔池固-液界面前沿Si溶质浓度分布呈指数形式衰减。展现出焊缝金属晶体萌生、长大不同时刻的凝固瞬时Si溶质浓度分布。找到以固-液界面为界固相中Si溶质堆积层厚度与液相中Si溶质扩散层厚度之间的关系。提出界面组成过冷度是晶体变速生长的动力,表明在焊接过热条件下不存在均质形核假说。研制成功的钎料适合用于钢件和硬质合金等材料的钎焊,文中阐述了钎料合金体系选择及各组元配比拟定的理论依据,以此钎料钎焊接头的强度远高于黄铜钎料钎焊接头的强度,具有特高的抗冲击性能,而合金的轧制性能亦良好;由于这种钎料的熔化温度较低(825.5℃~831.5℃),所以能降低钎焊温度,减少钎焊能耗。钎焊时工件钎焊应力和焊件变形降低,钎焊接头有较细的晶粒组织,提高了产品的质量;同时,钎料的熔化温度较低和含锌量较低,使钎焊时环境污染得到改善。Abstract: A new brazing alloy of Cu-Mn-Zn-Si for the brazing of steels and hard alloys is developed.This paper explains the selection of the brazing alloy systems and the optimumpro portioning of various components.Results show that the strength of the brazed joint with this alloy is much higher than that with brass brazing alloy.This new alloy has a very high impact-resistant strength and also a good cold-rolling property.Due to its low melting point,the brazing temperature and hence the energy consumption,can be lowered.As a result,the residual stress and deformation will be reduced.The new alloy has a fine grain structure,which will improve the quality of brazing.This new brazing alloy causes less serious environmen pollution owing to its low zinc content in addition to low melting point.