Abstract: With the continuous advancement of technology, Keyhole Tungsten Inert Gas (K-TIG) welding has become one of the most widely used high-efficiency welding technologies in modern industry due to its significant advantages in medium and thick plate welding. K-TIG welding has broad application prospects in fields with stringent welding quality requirements, such as aerospace, nuclear industry, petrochemical, and shipbuilding. This paper systematically reviews the development of K-TIG welding and its current applications in various materials, including stainless steel, nickel alloys, and titanium alloys. Additionally, the development of intelligent welding technologies presents new opportunities for K-TIG welding. Advanced technologies such as real-time monitoring, automatic control, and seam tracking have further enhanced the precision and reliability of the welding process. The paper also explores the current state of penetration pool recognition technology and seam tracking technology, which play important roles in improving welding quality and efficiency. Through a comprehensive analysis of K-TIG welding technology, this paper aims to provide a reference for future research and offer guidance for practical applications.