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集磁器结构对Cu/Al管磁脉冲辅助半固态钎焊过程的影响

Effect of field-shaper structure on magnetic pulse-assisted semi-solid brazing process of Cu/Al tubes joining

  • 摘要: 磁脉冲辅助半固态钎焊工艺利用各工艺的特点与组合优势,实现了Cu/Al异种金属管件的有效连接. 针对磁脉冲辅助半固态钎焊工艺中使用常规集磁器连接Al管、Cu管时存在的界面氧化膜去除效果不均、扩散层深度差异较大等问题,文中设计了一种新型多接缝集磁器,通过数值模拟与试验结合的方法,探究了小直径Cu/Al异种金属管磁脉冲辅助半固态钎焊时多缝集磁器接缝数量和接缝深度对焊接过程的影响. 结果表明,当接缝数量为3,接缝深度为集磁器壁厚度的0.25 ~ 0.5倍时,可以显著改善管件的周向电磁力分布,钎料所受到的剪切应力及其相应的剪切流变更均匀、更充分,使搭接区域的氧化膜去除更彻底,并能促进了元素的扩散,在基材与焊缝界面形成有效的冶金结合,改善界面质量和提高接头的力学性能.

     

    Abstract: Magnetic pulse-assisted semi-solid brazing made full use of the characteristics and combined advantages of each process to realize the effective connection of heterogeneous Cu/Al tubes. Aiming at the problems such as uneven removal effect of interfacial oxide film and significant difference of diffused layer depth when connecting Cu and Al tubes with traditional magnetic field-shaper. A new type of multi-seam field-shaper was designed in this paper. Through the combination of numerical simulation and experimental study, the effects of the number of seams and the length of seams on the welding process were investigated during magnetic pulse-assisted semi-solid brazing of small-diameter heterogeneous Cu/Al tubes. The results showed that when the number of seams was 3, and the length of the short seams was 0.25 ~ 0.5 times of the wall thickness in the field-shaper, the circumferential electromagnetic force distribution of the tube was significantly improved. The shear stress of the filler metal and the corresponding shear rheological was changed more evenly and fully. The oxide film was removed more thoroughly in the lap area, and the element diffusion was promoted. The novel multi-seam field-shaper was beneficial to form an effective metallurgical bonding at the interface between the substrate and the brazing seam, and improved the interface quality and mechanical properties of the joint.

     

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