Abstract:
The ultrasonic spinning with welding method is a new method to control the deformation of welding in thin-plate, which combines mechanical force field and ultrasonic energy field. The key of this method is to apply ultrasonic rotational extrusion in a specific temperature range of plastic recovery which behind the molten pool during welding. This method causes high-frequency ultrasonic vibration of the test piece, and through the high-speed rotation of the concentrator, the high-temperature metal undergoing a plastic deformation. With the combined effects of ultrasonic vibration and spinning, the contraction of the solidified metal is decreased, the grain size is refined, and the welding deformation is controlled with the improvement in welding joint, so the mechanical properties are enhanced. This study designed and built an ultrasonic welding platform for spinning welding, and conducted welding tests in 7075 aluminum alloy, which obtained the relationship between deformation control effect and the distance from welding gun and the concentrator. Then we analyzed the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joint. The EBSD showed that the grain size in the weld zone of the 7075 aluminum alloy using this method was significantly refined that the average grain size reduced from 60 μm to 46.8 μm, and the number of columnar crystals decreased, but the number of equiaxed crystals increased. The hardness and tensile strength of the welded joint obtained using this method were both improved, with the average hardness of the weld zone increasing from 109.7 HV to 128 HV, and the tensile strength increasing from 294.71 MPa to 324.64 MPa.