CrMoV与NiCrMoV异种钢焊接接头的高周疲劳性能及寿命模型

王志鹏; 朱明亮; 轩福贞

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20231205004

CrMoV与NiCrMoV异种钢焊接接头的高周疲劳性能及寿命模型

华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院, 上海 200237

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51922041)

详细信息

作者简介:
王志鹏，硕士研究生，主要开展汽轮机转子焊接接头疲劳性能研究；Email: 1146750275@qq.com

通讯作者:
朱明亮，博士，教授，博导，主要研究方向为机械结构疲劳与断裂；Email: mlzhu@ecust.edu.cn.

中图分类号: TG 407
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-12-04
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-04
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-24

High cycle fatigue property and lifetime modeling of CrMoV and NiCrMoV dissimilar steel welded joint

School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China

摘要

摘要:
对CrMoV与NiCrMoV异种钢焊接接头开展室温及400 ℃下的高周疲劳试验，并对失效试样进行断口分析，研究异种钢焊接接头的高周疲劳失效机理.结果表明，接头疲劳S-N曲线呈现连续下降形式，在高周疲劳过程中未见疲劳极限平台，失效位置均位于焊缝金属区域，并且集中在显微硬度值最低的结构弱区；随着应力幅值的下降，裂纹萌生模式由表面和内部萌生的竞争转变为内部微缺陷萌生占主导，内部焊接气孔微缺陷是主要裂纹萌生源；根据Murakami模型得到的疲劳极限分散性较大，与高周疲劳寿命未呈现出明显规律，通过引入Z参量模型，指出焊接接头的高周疲劳寿命由应力水平、微缺陷有效尺寸和相对深度等因素共同决定，Z参量与高周疲劳寿命具有很好线性关系.
- 焊接接头 /
- 高周疲劳 /
- 裂纹萌生 /
- 气孔缺陷 /
- Z参量模型
Abstract:
CrMoV and NiCrMoV dissimilar steel welded joints were subjected to high cycle fatigue tests at room temperature and 400 ℃, fracture analysis was carried out on the failed specimens to study the high cycle fatigue failure mechanism of dissimilar steel welded joints. The results show that the S-N curves showed a continuous decrease, and there is no fatigue limit plateau observed during high cycle fatigue, while all the failure locations were located in the weld metal region, which was defined as the structurally weak zone with lower micro-hardness; with the increase of the high fatigue lifetime, the crack initiation mode was changed from the competition between surface and internal initiation to the dominated internal micro-defect initiation, the internal weld porosity micro-defects were the main source of crack initiation; The fatigue limits obtained by the Murakami model were dispersive and there was no apparent law between high cycle fatigue life. By introducing the Z parameter model, it was pointed out that the high cycle fatigue lifetime of welded joint was determined by the stress level, effective size and relative depth of micro-defects, and the Z parameter had a good linear relationship with the high cycle fatigue lifetime.
- welded joint /
- high cycle fatigue /
- crack initiation /
- porosity defects /
- Z parameter model

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图 1 高周疲劳试样尺寸(mm)

Figure 1. Shape and dimensions of HCF specimen

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图 2 异种钢焊接接头各区域微观组织

Figure 2. Microstructures of various regions of the dissimilar steel welded joints. (a) columnar grained zone of weld metal; (b) equal axis grain zone of weld metal; (c) CrMoV base metal; (d) NiCrMoV base metal.

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图 3 显微硬度沿焊接接头的分布

Figure 3. Micro-hardness distribution along the welds

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图 4 不同试验条件下的S-N曲线

Figure 4. S-N curves at different test conditions

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图 5 室温与400 ℃下的失效位置分布

Figure 5. Distribution of failure locations at RT and 400 ℃

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图 6 异种钢焊接接头室温下的高周疲劳断口形貌

Figure 6. The fracture morphology of welded joint under high cycle fatigue at RT. (a) 290 MPa，N_f = 7.65 × 10⁶ cycles; (b) 290 MPa，N_f = 8.35 × 10⁵ cycles; (c) 280 MPa，N_f = 8.72 × 10⁵ cycles; (d) 270 MPa，N_f = 1.77 × 10⁷ cycles

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图 7 异种钢焊接接头400 ℃下的高周疲劳断口形貌(图7a-图7c: R = 0; 图7d-图7f:R = −1)

Figure 7. The fracture morphology of welded joint under high cycle fatigue at 400 ℃. (a) 210 MPa, N_f = 4.50 × 10⁶ cycles; (b) 180 MPa, N_f = 2.64 × 10⁷ cycles; (c) 180 MPa, N_f = 3.65 × 10⁷ cycles; (d) 270 MPa, N_f = 4.39 × 10⁶ cycles; (e) 260 MPa, N_f = 5.60 × 10⁵ cycles; (f) 240 MPa, N_f = 1.37 × 10⁷ cycles

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图 8 室温与400 ℃下疲劳极限随疲劳寿命的演化关系

Figure 8. The evolution of fatigue limit with fatigue life at RT and 400 ℃

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图 9 室温与400 ℃下Z参量与疲劳寿命的关系

Figure 9. The relationship between Z parameter and fatigue life at RT and 400 ℃

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表 1 母材及焊缝金属的化学成分 (质量分数，%)

Table 1 Chemical compositions of base metal and weld metal

材料	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Mo	Ni	V	余量
CrMoV	0.10~0.15	≤0.1	0.30~0.45	≤0.015	≤0.015	10.0~12.0	1.00~1.30	0.60~0.80	0.15~0.25	Fe
NiCrMoV	0.20~0.35	≤0.1	0.15~0.45	≤0.015	≤0.015	1.50~2.50	0.25~0.65	2.50~3.50	0.05~0.15	Fe
CrMo	0.07~0.12	≤0.60	0.50~0.80	≤0.025	≤0.025	2.10~2.70	0.90~1.20	≤0.2	—	Fe

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表 2 Z参量模型计算所需参数

Table 2 Parameters for Z-parameter model calculation

温度 T/℃	应力比 R	循环寿命 N_f/次	应力幅 σ_a/MPa	相对深度 D	有效尺寸 $\sqrt S $/μm	Z参量 Z/(MPa·μm^1/6)
25	0	2.54 × 10⁶	270	1	28.5	471.9
		1.09 × 10⁶	280	1	33.9	503.7
		8.72 × 10⁵	280	0.64	123.4	499.8
		9.23 × 10⁵	280	0.94	98.9	583.8
		4.56 × 10⁶	290	0.97	48.6	545.6
		8.35 × 10⁵	290	0.91	131.1	623.5
400	0	2.64 × 10⁷	180	0.85	95.1	354.6
		3.65 × 10⁷	180	0.69	60.7	296.4
		5.09 × 10⁶	200	0.82	107.5	394.9
		2.60 × 10⁶	210	0.8	90.7	398.1
		1.70 × 10⁶	220	0.89	129.1	466.6
		9.93 × 10⁵	220	0.77	109.3	422.1
400	−1	1.37 × 10⁷	240	0.94	79.7	482.7
		7.93 × 10⁶	250	0.62	53.5	382.1
		1.44 × 10⁷	250	0.86	63.6	463.2
		5.60 × 10⁵	260	0.85	173.3	565.9
		1.84 × 10⁶	260	0.94	84.4	527.9
		4.39 × 10⁶	270	0.95	58.9	519.1
		4.87 × 10⁶	270	0.56	36.9	368.7

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