Microstructural and properties of ultrafast laser selective micro-welding joints of sapphire and Invar alloys
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摘要:
采用飞秒激光选区微焊接技术制备了蓝宝石/Invar合金异质材料接头,研究了激光功率对接头密封性、宏微观形貌和剪切性能的影响. 采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析仪和激光共聚焦显微镜等表征了接头界面焊接缺陷与元素分布的规律以及接头断裂行为. 结果表明,蓝宝石和Invar合金分别经过非线性吸收和线性吸收作用,材料发生了熔化、混合和扩散,形成了犬牙交错的连接界面,说明界面存在着冶金结合和机械咬合双重作用. 接头抗剪强度随激光功率单调增加,当激光功率为10.19 W时,最大抗剪强度为145.3 MPa. 蓝宝石/Invar合金接头的断裂形式主要为解理性断裂,两侧断口均有Fe,Ni,Al和O元素,进一步说明了超快激光促进了两种材料在界面的冶金反应.
Abstract:The heterostructure joint of sapphire/Invar alloy was prepared using femtosecond laser selective welding technology, and the effects of laser power on the sealing performance, macro, micro-morphology, and shear strength of the joint were investigated. The interface welding defects, elemental distribution, and fracture behavior of the joint were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and laser scanning confocal microscope. The results showed that under ultrafast laser irradiation, sapphire and Invar alloy underwent melting, mixing, and diffusion processes through nonlinear absorption and linear absorption, respectively. This resulted in the formation of interlocking interfaces with intermingled features, indicating the presence of both metallurgical bonding and mechanical interlocking. The shear strength of the joint increases monotonically with the laser power, and the maximum shear strength is 145.3 MPa at a laser power of 10.19 W. The fracture of the sapphire/Invar alloy joint is mainly in the form of cleavage fracture, and both sides of the fracture contain the elements of Fe, Ni, Al, and O, which further suggests that the ultra-fast laser promotes metallurgical reactions of the two materials at the interface.
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Keywords:
- femtosecond laser /
- sapphire /
- Invar alloys /
- micro-welding /
- selective welding
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表 1 透明硬脆材料和其它材料不同连接方法与接头强度对比
Table 1 Brittle materials and other materials made by various joining methods and joint strength
表 2 图9对应EDS分析 (原子分数,%)
Table 2 EDS analysis of the points in Fig.9
位置 Fe Ni Al O A1 61.1 34.7 0.2 4.0 A2 60.9 35.4 0.1 3.6 A3 61.1 35.6 0.1 3.2 A4 61.0 35.4 0.2 3.4 A5 61.4 34.4 0.1 4.1 A6 1.7 1.5 55.7 41.1 A7 0.1 0 65.0 34.9 A8 5.0 1.8 54.7 38.5 A9 0.3 0.0 63.2 36.5 B1 61.4 35.0 0.4 3.1 B2 59.4 33.9 1.6 5.1 B3 26.2 17.0 26.4 30.4 B4 10.7 7.1 40.8 41.4 B5 50.1 31.4 6.4 12.1 B6 0.3 0.2 56.2 43.3 C1 61.8 32.9 1.3 4.0 C2 61.9 34.7 0.3 3.1 C3 55.2 31.4 3.2 10.2 C4 55.4 33.8 3.4 7.4 C5 4.2 2.9 42.4 50.5 C6 5.6 2.3 52.6 39.5 C7 0.3 0.0 57.8 41.9 -
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