Abstract: Additive manufacturing is an advanced near net forming technology for advanced metal components developed in recent decades. With the unique advantages of low energy consumption, short cycle, high flexibility and low cost, metal additive manufacturing has become one of the most advanced cutting-edge processing technologies in the field of large-scale key engineering equipment. Compared with traditional casting, the comparable or better mechanical properties are obtained for additive manufacturing aluminum alloys. However, the problems of lacking relevant quality assessment standards and the large dispersion of fatigue strength seriously limit its wide application in key metal equipment. The AlSi10Mg alloy formed by selective laser melting is focused in the present study as the model material. From the perspective viewpoint of " manufacturing process-numerical simulation-performance evaluation", the effects of several important factors such as process parameters, building orientation and heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy in additive manufacturing process are analyzed systematically. The research status of the thermodynamic process simulation of additive manufacturing and the simulation of mechanical properties is summarized. This paper focuses on the current domestic and abroad research progress in mechanical property evaluation of additive manufacturing aluminum alloy. Further, the research on improving mechanical properties of aluminum alloy based on component regulation is concluded. Finally, its development trend is prospected.