异质TC17线性摩擦焊接头焊后时效处理组织与性能

杜随更; 刘冠翔; 李菊

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20220109002

异质TC17线性摩擦焊接头焊后时效处理组织与性能

1.
西北工业大学，航空发动机高性能制造工信部重点实验室，西安，710072
2.
中国航空制造技术研究院，航空焊接与连接技术航空科技重点实验室，北京，100024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(10477017)；国家科技重大专项(2017-Ⅶ-0005-0098) .

详细信息

作者简介:
杜随更，博士，教授，博士研究生导师；主要研究方向为摩擦焊接工艺及设备；Email: fwcenter@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG 453
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-08
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-18
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-24

Microstructure and properties of the linear friction welded joints between the different quality TC17 with post-weld aging treatments

1.
Key Laboratory of High Performance Manufacturing for Aero Engine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China
2.
Aeronautical Key Laboratory for Welding and Joining Technologies, AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute, Beijing, 100024, China

摘要

摘要: 线性摩擦焊是制造航空发动机整体叶盘的关键技术. 通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、电子式万能试验机及显微硬度仪对比分析了TC17(α + β)/TC17(β)钛合金线性摩擦焊接头焊态及不同时效温度下接头的组织与性能. 结果表明，焊态下焊合区及附近区域的微观组织为过冷β细晶，硬度最低；经焊后时效处理，析出了细小针状α相，硬度升高. 焊后时效温度为400 ℃时，焊合区及附近区域的硬度值明显提高，焊接区脆化. 焊后时效温度为630 ℃时，接头弯曲角度最高，但强度降低. 综合焊接接头的硬度、弯曲与拉伸性能优化出的焊后时效温度为550 ℃. 接头弯曲角度和抗拉强度分别达到母材的36%和95%. TC17(α + β)侧热力影响区( thermal-mechanical affected zone，TMAZ)受力后微观塑性变形更均匀，其强塑性能均优于TC17(β)侧TMAZ. 接头的弱化区对应于TC17(β)侧TMAZ硬度变化梯度及组织梯度最大的区域. 相比母材，接头的塑性损失比强度损失要大得多.
- 线性摩擦焊 /
- 焊后时效处理 /
- 钛合金 /
- 整体叶盘
Abstract: Linear friction welding has been a key technology for manufacturing aero-engine blisks. The microstructure and properties of linear friction welded (LFW) joints of TC17 (α + β) and TC17(β) titanium alloy and post weld aging treatment (PWAT) joints at different temperature are compared by testing of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, universal testing machine and microhardness tester. The results show that the microstructure of the weld and the surrounding area in the welded state is supercooled β-fine grained, with the lowest hardness. After post-weld aging treatment, fine needle-like α-phase is precipitated, and the hardness increases. The hardness values of the welding area and the surrounding area are obviously increased when the post-weld aging temperature is 400 ℃, and the welding area is embrittled. The bending angle of the joint is the highest, but the strength decreases when the post-weld aging temperature is 630 ℃. With the considerations of both the bending and tensile properties of the welded joint, the optimal post-weld aging temperature is found to be 550 ℃. The joint’s bending angle and tensile strength could reach 36% and 95% of that of the base metal, respectively. The micro plasticity deformations of TC17(α + β) thermal and mechanical affected zone (TMAZ) are more uniform after applying force, and its strength and plastic properties are than those of the TC17(β) side TMAZ. The weakest zone of the joint is located at TC17(β) TMAZ, where the variations of the hardness and microstructure have the greatest gradient. Compared with the base metal, the plastic loss of LFW joint is much greater than the strength loss.
- linear friction welding /
- post-weld aging treatment /
- titanium alloy /
- bending property blisk

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图 1 TC17(α + β)和TC17(β)母材显微组织

Figure 1. Microstructure of TC17(α + β) and TC17(β) base metal. (a) TC17(α + β); (b) TC17(β)

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图 2 不同时效温度时效后接头的显微硬度分布曲线

Figure 2. Microhardness curves of joints with different aging temperatures

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图 3 接头弯曲性能及抗拉强度随时效温度的变化趋势

Figure 3. Variation trends of joints bending performance and tensile strength with aging temperatures

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图 4 典型断裂试样焊合区附近表面宏观形貌

Figure 4. Typical surface morphologies of fracture samples near weld zone. (a) tensile specimen; (b) bending specimen

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图 5 线性摩擦焊接头焊态宏观组织形貌

Figure 5. Macroscopic appearance of linear friction welded joint

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图 6 TC17(α + β)/TC17(β)焊态接头焊合区及两侧细晶区SEM图像

Figure 6. SEM images of weld zone, fine grain zone of TC17(α + β) and fine grain zone of TC17(β). (a) weld zone; (b) fine grain zone of TC17(α + β); (c) fine grain zone of TC17(β)

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图 7 TC17(α + β)和 TC17(β)侧变形区SEM图像

Figure 7. SEM images of deformation zone of TC17(α + β) and TC17(β). (a) TC17(α + β) side; (b) TC17(β) side

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图 8 不同时效温度时效后焊合区组织SEM图像

Figure 8. SEM images of the weld zone with different aging temperatures. (a) 400 ℃; (b) 500 ℃; (c) 600 ℃; (d) 630 ℃

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图 9 不同时效温度时效后接头两侧变形区组织SEM图像

Figure 9. SEM images of deformation zone on both sides of joint with different aging temperatures. (a) 400 ℃, TC17(α + β); (b) 400 ℃, TC17(β); (c) 500 ℃, TC17(α + β); (d) 500 ℃, TC17(β); (e) 600 ℃, TC17(α +β); (f) 600 ℃, TC17(β); (g) 630 ℃, TC17(α + β); (h) 630 ℃, TC17(β)

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表 1 焊接工艺参数

Table 1 Welding experiment paraments

频率
f/Hz 振幅
A/mm 摩擦缩短量
S/mm 摩擦压力
P_f /MPa 顶锻压力
P_d /MPa

50 2 6 55 80

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