Formation mechanism of the grain boundary parallel to the edge of the “island-shaped zone” of the dissimilar steel joint
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摘要: 对平行于异种钢接头碳钢熔合线附近 “ 岛状区”边缘的晶界进行了研究. 结果表明，平行于“ 岛状区”边缘的晶界可能是迁移晶界，也可能是凝固晶界.“ 岛状区”具有3种结构，第1种结构是由中心碳钢母材及其外围的成分过渡区组成，并且成分过渡区内的元素含量介于碳钢母材和焊缝金属之间；第2种结构仅由成分过渡区组成，并且其内部的元素含量也介于碳钢母材和焊缝金属之间；第3种结构也仅由成分过渡区组成，但其内部任意位置处的Ni质量分数均大于5% ~ 6%. 只有第1种和第2种结构的“ 岛状区” 才有可能形成平行于其边缘的迁移晶界，而第3种结构的“ 岛状区”则不能形成平行于其边缘的迁移晶界. 平行于“ 岛状区”边缘的凝固晶界则是由“ 岛状区”表面垂直方向上生长的短小胞状晶与其相邻的亚晶粒束相交而形成的.Abstract: The grain boundary parallel to the edge of the “island-shaped zone” (ISZ) near the carbon steel fusion line of the dissimilar steel joint was studied. It was shown that the grain boundary parallel to the edge of the ISZ might be the migrated grain boundary or the solidified grain boundary. The ISZ had three kinds of structures, the first was consisted of the carbon steel base material and the composition transition region of its periphery, and the elements content in the composition transition region was between the carbon steel base material and the weld metal; the second was only consisted of the composition transition region, and the elements content in the composition transition region was also between the carbon steel base material and the weld metal; the third was only consisted of the composition transition region, but the Ni content in the composition transition region was higher than 5% − 6%. Only the ISZ with the first and second structures were possible to form the migrated grain boundary parallel to the edge of the ISZ, but the ISZ with the third structure could not form the migrated grain boundary parallel to the edge of the ISZ. The solidified grain boundary parallel to the edge of the ISZ was formed by the intersection of short cellular grains growing perpendicular to the ISZ surface with their adjacent subgrain bundles.
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图 1 Q235低碳钢侧熔合线附近焊缝区内ISZ和凝固晶界形貌
Figure 1. Morphology of the ISZ and the solidified grain boundary in the weld zone near the fusion line of Q235 mild steel side. (a) ISZ microstructure 1; (b) ISZ microstructure 2 ; (c) ISZ microstructure 3; (d) ISZ microstructure 4
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图 2 ISZ结构示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of ISZ. (a) the first structure ; (b) the second structure; (c) the third structure
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图 3 平行于ISZ边缘的迁移晶界形貌
Figure 3. Morphology of the migrated grain boundaries(MGB) parallelling with the edge of the ISZ. (a) morphology 1 of migrated grain boundaries; (b) morphology 2 of migrated grain boundaries
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图 4 ISZ内部含有Q235母材时的结构示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of ISZ containing Q235 base metal
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图 5 ISZ内部不含Q235母材时的结构示意图
Figure 5. Schematic diagram of ISZ without containing Q235 base metal
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图 6 ISZ内部不含Q235母材和N区时的结构示意图
Figure 6. Schematic diagram of ISZ without containing Q235 base metal and N zone
表 1 Q235母材、SUS321母材和ER309焊丝的化学成分(质量分数，%)
Table 1 Chemical compositions of Q235 base metal, SUS321 base metal and ER309 wire
材料 C Si Mn S P Cr Ni Mo Ti Fe Q235 ≤0.20 ≤0.35 ≤1.40 ≤0.045 ≤0.045 — — — — 余量 SUS321 ≤0.12 ≤1.00 ≤2.00 ≤0.030 ≤0.045 17.00 ~ 19.00 8.00 ~ 11.00 — ≤0.75 余量 ER309 ≤0.12 0.30 ~ 0.65 1.00 ~ 2.50 ≤0.030 ≤0.030 23.00 ~ 25.00 12.00 ~ 14.00 ≤0.75 — 余量 
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表 2 焊接工艺参数
Table 2 Welding process parameters
电弧电压U/V 焊接电流I/A 焊接速度v/(mm·s−1) 脉冲频率f/Hz 焊丝伸出长度L/mm 29.6 296 7.3 139 24
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