Analysis and application of explosive welding window for dissimilar metals
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摘要: 爆炸焊接窗口是获得良好结合质量的重要方法，计算的理论模型和参数选择对结果至关重要. 从爆炸焊接参数出发，通过分析爆炸焊接窗口边界公式的发展历程、理论假设和参数选择，总结得到方便使用的窗口计算公式. 将其应用到钛/铝焊接中，分析了钛与不同牌号铝合金的焊接方式，预测了不同装药比时焊接界面的质量. 结果表明，随着铝合金硬度的升高，可焊窗口逐渐减小. 当焊接参数位于窗口中部时，界面成小波状，结合质量好；焊接参数接近窗口上限时，界面成大波状，存在大量微观缺陷.焊接窗口是重要的研究手段，能够较好的指导生产实践.Abstract: Explosive welding window is an important method to obtain good bonding quality. The theoretical model and parameter selection of calculation are very important to the results. Starting from the parameters of explosive welding, by analyzing the development process, theoretical assumptions and parameter selection of the window boundary formula of explosive welding, a convenient window calculation formula is obtained. The formula is applied to titanium/aluminum welding, the welding methods of titanium and different grades of aluminum alloy are analyzed, and the quality of welding interface under different charge ratio is predicted. With the increase of aluminum alloy hardness, the welding window decreases gradually. When the welding parameters are located in the middle of the window, the interface is wavelet and the bonding quality is good; When the welding parameters are close to the upper limit of the window, the interface is large wave and there are a lot of micro defects. The results show that welding window is an important research means and can better guide production practice.
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Keywords:
- explosive welding /
- welding window /
- parameter calculation
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图 4 钛与铝合金的焊接窗口
Figure 4. Welding window of titanium and aluminum alloy. (a) welding window of TA2/1060; (b) welding window of TA2/5083; (c) welding window of TA2/7075
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图 5 钛/铝合金焊接布置形式
Figure 5. Titanium/aluminum alloy welding arrangement. (a) TA2/1060；(b) TA2/5083
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图 7 不同装药比的界面波形
Figure 7. Interface waveforms with different charge ratios. (a) R = 0.96; (b) R = 1.46
表 1 材料特性参数
Table 1 Material properties parameter
材料 抗拉强度
Rm/MPa硬度
H/MPa密度
ρ/(g·cm−3)熔点
Tm/℃声速
Cb/(m·s−1)热导率
k/(W·m−1·K−1)比热容
Cp/(J·kg−1·K−1)下限常数
k1TA2 441 140 4.51 1 660 6 000 15 550 — 1060 120 32 2.68 660 6 300 — — 1.14 5083 280 87 2.80 638 6 300 — — 1.00 7075 560 155 2.81 635 6 300 — — 0.85 
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