钨铜/铍青铜异质钎焊界面组织与性能

沈元勋; 王路乙; 李秀朋; 李云月; 宋晓国; 龙伟民

doi:10.12073/j.hjxb.20210818002

钨铜/铍青铜异质钎焊界面组织与性能

沈元勋^1,,
王路乙¹,
李秀朋¹,
李云月¹,
宋晓国²,
龙伟民^{1, 3, ,}

1.
郑州机械研究所有限公司, 新型钎焊材料与技术国家重点实验室, 郑州, 450001
2.
哈尔滨工业大学, 现代焊接生产技术国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨, 150001
3.
中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司, 宁波, 315700

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1904197)；宁波市科技创新2025重大专项(2020Z111)

详细信息

作者简介:
沈元勋，博士，正高级工程师；主要从事先进钎焊及特种连接技术研究；Email: shenyuanxun@126.com

通讯作者:
龙伟民，博士，研究员；Email: Brazelong@163.com.

中图分类号: TG 454
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-17
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-05
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-24

Microstructure and properties of brazed W-Cu composites and beryllium bronze joint

1.
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals and Technology, Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450001, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
3.
China Innovation Academy of Intelligent Equipment (Ningbo) Co., Ltd., Ningbo, 315700, China

摘要

摘要: 采用BAg56CuZnSn，BAg50ZnCdCuNi和BAg49ZnCuMnNi银钎料实施了钨铜合金/铍青铜异质材料接头的感应钎焊连接，研究了其钎焊界面组织与力学性能.结果表明，3种银钎料均能获得完好界面钎焊接头，钎料与钨铜和铍青铜形成较好冶金结合.钎料与铍青铜界面冶金结合充分，形成明显互扩散区.钎料与钨铜钎焊界面清晰，且钎料向钨铜近界面区域形成明显扩散渗入现象.强度测试表明，BAg49ZnCuMnNi钎焊接头强度最高，达到250 MPa，接头断裂均发生在钨铜侧钎焊界面.分析表明，钎料向钨铜渗入明显促进界面结合，钎料中添加镍，由于镍与钨的扩散互溶进一步提高界面冶金结合，Mn元素添加明显细化钎缝晶粒，接头强度显著提升.
- 钨铜 /
- 铍青铜 /
- 异质钎焊 /
- 界面组织 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: W-Cu composites and Beryllium bronze dissimilar joints were prepared by induction brazing method using BAg56CuZnSn, BAg50ZnCdCuNi and BAg49ZnCuNiMn, respectively. Interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of the brazed joints were studied. The results show that all the brazed joints displayed perfectly metallurgical bonded interface. Obvious diffusion zone was formed in bonded interface between braze and beryllium bronze. The fracture of brazed joints all occurred at the brazing interface of W-Cu side, and the joint using BAg49ZnCuNiMn solder obtained the highest strength which reaching 250 MPa. Meanwhile, clear boundary braze/W-Cu interface was also observed. The braze had obviously infiltrated into the W-Cu matrix near their interface, leading to increasing of the interface bonding strength. The addition of nickel in braze further improved the metallurgical bonding of the interface due to the diffusion and mutual dissolution of nickel and tungsten. Furthermore, manganese can refine the grain size of brazed joint and improve the joint strength.
- tungsten-copper composite /
- beryllium bronze /
- dissimilar brazing /
- interfacial microstructure /
- mechanical properties

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图 1 BAg56CuZnSn钎焊WCu/QBe界面形貌

Figure 1. Interfacial microstructure of brazed WCu/QBe joint using BAg56CuZnSn filler metal

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图 2 BAg50ZnCdCuNi钎焊WCu/QBe界面形貌

Figure 2. Interfacial microstructure of brazed WCu/QBe joint using BAg50ZnCdCuNi filler metal. (a) image of the joint; (b) microstructure of the joint

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图 3 BAg49ZnCuMnNi钎焊WCu/QBe界面

Figure 3. Interfacial microstructure of brazed WCu/QBe joint using BAg49ZnCuMnNi filler metal. (a) image of the joint; (b) microstructure of braze/WCu interface

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图 4 BAg49ZnCuMnNi钎焊WCu/QBe接头界面元素面扫描分布

Figure 4. EDS elemental maps for the WCu/QBe joint brazed using BAg49ZnCuMnNi filler metal

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图 5 WCu/QBe钎焊接头抗拉强度

Figure 5. Tensile strength of the brazed WCu/QBe joints

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图 6 Ni-W二元合金相图

Figure 6. Binary phase diagram of Ni-W alloy

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表 1 钎料化学成分(质量分数, %)与熔化特性

Table 1 Chemical composition of braze alloy and melting temperature

钎料	Ag	Cu	Zn	Cd	Sn	Ni	Mn	熔化温度T/℃
BAg56CuZnSn	55 ~ 57	21 ~ 23	15 ~ 19	—	4.5 ~ 5.5	—	—	620 ~ 655
BAg50ZnCdCuNi	49 ~ 51	14.5 ~ 16.5	13.5 ~ 17.5	15 ~ 17	—	2.5-3.5	—	635 ~ 690
BAg49ZnCuMnNi	48 ~ 50	15 ~ 17	21 ~ 25	—	—	4 ~ 5	7 ~ 8	680 ~ 705

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表 2 BAg56CuZnSn钎焊接头界面组织能谱分析

Table 2 EDS chemical analysis results of WCu/Qbe joint brazed using BAg56CuZnSn filler metal

标记	原子分数a(%)
标记	Ag	Cu	Zn	Sn	W
1	13.08	58.66	19.92	3.23	—
2	81.76	5.12	8.28	4.85	—
3	9.63	67.89	19.86	2.62	—
4	4.63	74.49	19.56	1.3	—
5	3.67	75.28	18.28	—	2.77

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表 3 BAg50ZnCdCuNi钎焊接头钎缝能谱分析

Table 3 EDS chemical analysis results of WCu/Qbe joint brazed using BAg50ZnCdCuNi filler metal

标记	原子分数a(%)
标记	Ag	Cu	Zn	Ni	Cd	W
A	8.6	72.68	14.39	2.42	1.87	—
B	70.02	6.33	1.98	—	21.67	—
C	1.47	79.2	17.1	1.02	0.21	—
D	70.19	4.45	2.05	—	23.31	—
E	3.07	75.28	16.51	5.15	—	—
F	3.26	78.98	17.04	0.36	—	0.36
G	2.54	77.14	16.78	0.93	—	2.22

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